Encyclopedia of Psychology and Law

additional constructs labeled social justice (e.g., “Rich individuals are almost never convicted of their crimes.”), racial bias ...

the plea bargaining process rather than through trials. Similarly, many more civil disputes are resolved by private settlement t ...

for negotiated outcomes. Contrast effects occur when the options in an initial set are evaluated differently rel- ative to each ...

negotiation. The norm of reciprocity holds that when one negotiator makes a concession to the other, the other is obliged to res ...

such as salient features of the environment. Other fac- tors that need to be considered are resiliency, psy- chosocial maturity, ...

rights and mediated the effect of age but did not influ- ence attitudes about compliance independent of age. GGeennddeerr DDiiff ...

Russian and U.S. youth, delinquents reported lower levels of legal reasoning than nondelinquents. This finding was replicated in ...

estimates of pro- and anticonviction faction sizes are based on direct assessment of mock jurors’ predeliber- ation verdict pref ...

MacCoun, R. J., & Kerr, N. L. (1988). Asymmetric influence in mock jury deliberation: Jurors’ bias for leniency. Journal of ...

the similarity of faces on multiple dimensions using Euclidean distances. Results derived from PCA have been shown to relate to ...

often than when the suspect is placed between two other lineup members that have a greater resemblance to the suspect. This prob ...

suspect to be chosen from a lineup at a rate different from that expected if the choice were made by chance alone (i.e., a rando ...

more likely to be identified by mock witnesses. The choice of photograph of the suspect, as well as the choice of filler photogr ...

about the identified person, and there is no way to detect a witness who chooses completely at random, or on the basis of a poor ...

sued feels alone and isolated from his or her peers, family, and friends because of allegations of having done something inappro ...

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463 MACARTHUR COMPETENCE ASSESSMENTTOOL FORCLINICAL RESEARCH(MACCAT–CR) The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Clinical Re ...

subjects in a given research study. Following disclo- sure of discrete informational elements, subjects’ understanding is querie ...

defendant is competent to participate in the adjudica- tory process. A variety of instruments have been developed to help struct ...

instructions for both initial presentation and follow-up queries/probes to minimize examiner-related differ- ences in the presen ...