Encyclopedia of Psychology and Law

research findings,1:361–362

theories of,1: 361

Hypnosis and eyewitness memory, 1:360–362

Hypomania,2: 513

IACP (International Association of Chiefs of Police). See

International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP)

Id,1: 155

Identification. SeeEyewitness identification; Identification

tests, best practices in

Identification tests, best practices in, 1:365–368

clothing bias in identification procedures,1:94–95

mug shots,2:521–522

See alsoEyewitness identification; Lineups

Identi-Kit,1: 305

Identity theft (cybercrime),1: 178

IDRA (Insanity Defense Reform Act). SeeInsanity Defense

Reform Act (IDRA)

IDVAs (independent domestic violence advisors). See

Independent domestic violence advisors (IDVAs)

IFI (Interdisciplinary Fitness Interview). SeeInterdisciplinary

Fitness Interview (IFI)

IFI–R,1: 378

Illinois

prison overcrowding in,2: 618

recording confessions,2: 845

sex offender legislation,2:720,2: 721

violent video game legislation,2: 486

Illinois, Kirby v.,2: 520

Illinois, Morgan v.,1: 192

Illinois, Ward v.,2: 529

Illinois, Witherspoon v.,1: 191

Illusion of transparency,1: 205

Imagination inflation,2: 684

IMEs (independent medical examinations). SeeIndependent

medical examinations (IMEs)

Impaired consciousness,2: 487

Impairment

defined,1: 24

financial capacity,1:313–316

Inadmissible evidence, impact on juries, 1:369–370

Inappropriateness of affect,2: 758

Inbau, Fred,2:678,2: 680

Incest offenders,1:6,2:733–734

“Incitement” standard,2: 486

Incompetent defendants,1:91,1:121,2: 497

characteristics,1: 122

guardianship of,1:338–340,2: 634

remediation of in youth,1:4–5

See alsoAdjudicative competence of youth; Civil

commitment; Competence; Competency, restoration of

Independent domestic violence advisors (IDVAs),1: 239

Independent medical examinations (IMEs),1: 223

Indiana

jurors’ note taking,1: 419

psychiatric advance directives,2: 636

racial bias and death penalty,2: 671

sex offender legislation,2: 723

Indiana, Jackson v.,1:108,1: 121

Individual differentiation,2: 630

Individual voir dire,1: 418

INDSCAL,2: 807

Informational influence,1: 410

Informed consent,1: 262

consent to clinical research,1:148–150

Hopkins Competency Assessment Test,1:359–360

personal injury claims,2: 552

requirements of,1: 149

Innocence Project,2: 844

In re Gault,1: 56

In re Quinlan,1: 255

Insanity

guilty by mentally ill verdict,2:703–704

M’Naghten Standard,1:35–36,1:158,1:162–163,1:370,

1:373,2:511–512

not guilty by reason of insanity,1:36,1:132–133,1:157–158,

1:371,2:811–814

public policy on rights of the insane,2: 812

Rogers Criminal Responsibility Assessment Scales,

2:703–704

treatment and release of insanity acquittees,2:811–814

Insanity defense,1: 161

abolition and limitation of,1:166–167

American Law Institute’s Model Penal Code Test,

1:62,1:164–165,1: 373

diminished capacity,1:165,1:217–220,2: 488

expert witnesses and,1: 372

extreme emotional disturbance compared with,1: 284

guilty but mentally ill,1:165–166,1:342–343

history of,1: 162

Insanity Defense Reform Act,1:165,1:372–374

irresistible impulse test,1:163–164

juries and,1:370–372

myths about,1: 166

not guilty by reason of insanity,1:36,1:132–133,1:157–158,

1:371,2:811–814

“product test,”1: 164

public sentiment and,2: 813

Insanity defense, juries and, 1:370–372

Insanity defense and standards. See Criminal

Responsibility, Defenses and Standards

Insanity Defense Reform Act (IDRA), 1:165,1:370,1:372–374

Institutionalization and deinstitutionalization, 1:374–376

deinstitutionalization,1: 375

history of,1:374–375

implications for the future,1:375–376

See alsoCivil commitment; Mandated community

treatment; Outpatient commitment, involuntary

Institutional review boards (IRBs),1: 149

Instructions

appearance-change instructions in lineups,1:33–34,1: 377

biased vs. unbiased,1:376–377

comprehension rates,1:395–396,1:418,1:419,1:426–428

effectiveness of,1: 397

improving the process,1:397–398

judges instructions to jury,1:395–399,1:403–404,1:426–428

jury nullification,1: 414

jury understanding of judges’ instructions in capital cases,

1:395–396,1:418,1:426–428

lineup instructions to witnesses,1:366–367,1:376–377

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