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GTBL042-Index GTBL042-Callister-v3 October 17, 2007 1:38
874 • IndexPhase diagrams (continued)
definitions/basic concepts,
340–343
eutectoid and peritectic reactions,
371–372
intermediate phases in, 369,
371
interpretation of, 347–351
pressure-temperature (unary),
343–345
specific:
aluminum-copper, 444
aluminum oxide-chromium
oxide, 375
cast iron, 524
copper-beryllium, 458
copper-nickel, 346
copper-silver, 356, 379
copper-zinc, 370, 372
halfnium-vanadium, 373
iron-carbon (graphite), 524
iron-iron carbide, 381
lead-tin, 358, 361–369
magnesium-lead, 371
magnesium oxide-aluminum
oxide, 375
nickel-titanium, 374
silica-alumina, 377
sugar-water, 341
tin-bismuth, 362
tin-gold, 397
water (pressure-temperature),
344, 398
water-sodium chloride, 359
zirconia-calcia, 376
ternary, 378
Phase equilibria, 342–343, 848
Phases, 341–342, 848
Phase transformation diagrams:
continuous cooling, 841
metals, 426–429, 457
glass-ceramics, 542
isothermal, 414–426, 846
Phase transformation rate, 412
martensitic transformation,
422–423
temperature dependence,
411–412
Phase transformations, 848
athermal, 423
classification, 402
shape-memory effect, 439–440
Phenol, 101
Phenol-formaldehyde (Bakelite):
in billiard balls, 516, 555dielectric constant and dielectric
strength, 500
electrical conductivity, 496
mechanical properties, 193, 205
repeat unit structure, 105, 834
thermal properties, 709
Phenolics, trade names,
characteristics, and
applications, 554
Phenyl group, 100, 101
Phonons, 707, 713, 714, 848
Phosphorescence, 775, 848
Photoconductivity, 775, 848
Photomicrographs, 150, 848
Photonic signal, 781
Photons, 707, 762, 848
Pickling, of steels, 688
Piezoelectricity, 550, 848
Piezoelectric ceramics, 508–509
as Materials of Importance, 550
properties and applications, 550
in smart materials/systems, 12
Pilling-Bedworth ratio, 692, 848
selected metals, 693
Pitting corrosion, 683–684, 848
Plain carbon steels, 423, 518, 848
Planar atomic density, 75–76
Planck’s constant, 762, 848
Planes,seeCrystallographic planes
Plane strain, 298, 848
Plane strain fracture toughness,
299, 300, 848
ceramic-matrix composites,
645–646
selected materials, 300, 814–815
Plaster of paris, 546, 572, 596
Plastic deformation, 199–210, 848
ceramics, 271–272
dislocation motion and, 243–256
in fracture, 290, 293
influence on electrical
conductivity, 469, 471
polycrystalline materials, 253–255
semicrystalline polymers, 274–277
twinning, 255–256
Plasticizers, 606, 848
Plastics, 848
characteristics and applications,
552, 553–554
in composites, 621
forming techniques, 607–610
Platinum, 538
atomic radius and crystal
structure, 40
electrical conductivity, 469Plywood, 651
p-n-pJunction transistors,
492–493
p-nJunctions:
for light-emitting diodes, 776–777
for rectification, 490–491
Point coordinates, 64–66
Point defects, 128–140, 848
Poise, 271
Poisson’s ratio, 196–199, 848
values for various materials, 193,
808–809
Polarization, 500–502, 848 .See also
Electronic polarization; Ionic
polarization; Orientation
polarization
Polarization (corrosion), 671–675,
848
corrosion rates from, 675–678
Polar molecules, 32, 34, 848
Polyacetylene, repeat unit
structure, 498
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN):
carbon fibers, 639
repeat unit structure, 118, 834
Poly(alkylene glycol), as a
quenching agent, 583
Poly(amide-imide) (PAI), repeat
unit structure, 835
Polybutadiene,seeButadiene
Poly(butylene terephthalate)
(PBT), repeat unit structure,
835
Polycarbonate:
density, 803
degradation resistance, 696
mechanical properties, 193, 205,
806, 808, 812
melting and glass transition
temperatures, 450, 838
plane strain fracture toughness,
300
reinforcedvs. unreinforced
properties, 634
repeat unit structure, 105, 835
trade names, characteristics, and
applications, 553
Polychloroprene,seeChloroprene;
Chloroprene rubber
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene, repeat
unit structure, 835
Polycrystalline materials, 80–82,
849
plastic deformation, 253–255
Polydimethylsiloxane, 39–41