Organic Chemistry 273
Table 18.2 Common Functional Groups
FUNCTIONAL COMPOUND SUFFIX OR SYSTEMATIC NAME
GROUP TYPE PREFIX OF NAME EXAMPLE (COMMON NAME)
alkene -ene ethene (ethylene)
alkyne -yne ethyne (acetylene)
alcohol -ol methanol (methyl alcohol)
haloalkane halo- chloromethane
(methyl chloride)
amine -amine ethylamine
aldehyde -al ethanal (acetaldehyde)
ketone -one propanone (acetone)
carboxylic -oic acid ethanoic acid
acid (acetic acid)
ester -oate methyl ethanoate
(methyl acetate)
amide -amide ethanamide
(acetamide)
CH
H
H
CHN
H
O
C N
O
CH
H
H
CCO
H
H
H
O
OC C
O
CH
H
H
C O H
O
CHO
O
CH
H
H
CC
H
H
H
O
C C C
O
CH
H
H
HC
O
HC
O
CH
H
H
CHN
H
H
H
C N
CH
H
H
Cl
C X
(X=halogen)
CH
H
H
C O H O H
C C CH C H
C C
H
H
H
H
C C