The effects of pulsation on pellet morphology were analysed by varying the pulsation
frequency between 0.5 and 0.05 s−^1 for A. niger and compared with the corresponding
Figure 11.9 Pulsed bioreactors used
for the culture of filamentous fungi.
Abbreviations: PB: Packed bed; TW:
Thermostated water; FD: Feed
distributor; FI: Flow indicator; pHI:
pH indicator; OI: Oxygen indicator;
TC: Temperature controller; FC: Flow
controller; PC: Pressure controller;
FMT: flexible membrane tube, KX:
Timer.
results from the operation without pulsation. As can be seen in Figure 11.10, the
pulsation frequency exerted a remarkable effect on pellet diameter and pellet size
distribution. The minimum pellet diameter (3.3 ±0.1 mm after 20 days) corresponded to
the pulsed system operated at 0.35 s−^1. On the other hand, the system without pulsation
Multiphase bioreactor design 344