Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering: An Integrated Approach, 3e

GTBL042-16 GTBL042-Callister-v2 September 13, 2007 13:10

Revised Pages

Questions and Problems • 701

This results in a reduction of molecular weight and a deterioration of the physical

and chemical properties of the polymer.

IMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTS

Activation polarization

Anode

Cathode

Cathodic protection

Concentration polarization

Corrosion

Corrosion penetration rate

Crevice corrosion

Degradation

Electrolyte

Electromotive force (emf) series

Erosion–corrosion

Galvanic corrosion

Galvanic series

Hydrogen embrittlement

Inhibitor

Intergranular corrosion

Molarity

Oxidation

Passivity

Pilling–Bedworth ratio

Pitting

Polarization

Reduction

Sacrificial anode

Scission

Selective leaching

Standard half-cell

Stress corrosion

Weld decay

REFERENCES

ASM Handbook,Vol. 13A,Corrosion: Fundamen-

tals, Testing, and Protection,ASM Interna-

tional, Materials Park, OH, 2003.

ASM Handbook,Vol. 13B,Corrosion: Materials,

ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2005.

ASM Handbook,Vol. 13C,Corrosion: Environ-

ments and Industries,ASM International, Ma-

terials Park, OH, 2006.

Craig, B. D. and D. Anderson (Editors),Handbook

of Corrosion Data,2nd edition, ASM Interna-

tional, Materials Park, OH, 1995.

Fontana, M. G.,Corrosion Engineering,3rd edition,

McGraw-Hill, New York, 1986.

Gibala, R. and R. F. HehemannHydrogen Embrit-

tlement and Stress Corrosion Cracking,ASM

International, Materials Park, OH, 1984.

Jones, D. A.,Principles and Prevention of Corro-

sion,2nd edition, Pearson Education, Upper

Saddle River, NJ, 1996.

Marcus, P. (Editor),Corrosion Mechanisms in The-

ory and Practice,2nd edition, CRC Press, Boca

Raton, FL, 2002.

Revie, R. W. (Editor),Uhlig’s Corrosion Hand-

book, 2nd edition, John Wiley & Sons,

Hoboken, NJ, 2005.

Schweitzer, P. A.,Atmospheric Degradation and

Corrosion Control,CRC Press, Boca Raton,

FL, 1999.

Schweitzer, P. A. (Editor),Corrosion Engineering

Handbook,2nd edition, CRC Press, Boca Ra-

ton, FL, 2007. Three volume set.

Talbot, D. and J. Talbot,Corrosion Science and

Technology, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL,

1998.

Uhlig, H. H. and R. W. Revie, Corrosion and

Corrosion Control,3rd edition, John Wiley &

Sons, New York, 1985.

QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS

Additional problems and questions for this chapter may be found on both Student and

Instructor Companion Sites atwww.wiley.com/college/callister.

Electrochemical Considerations

16.1 (a)Write the possible oxidation and re-

duction half-reactions that occur when

magnesium is immersed in each of the

following solutions: (i) HCl, (ii) an HCl

solution containing dissolved oxygen,

(iii) an HCl solution containing dissolved

oxygen and, in addition, Fe^2 +ions.

(b)In which of these solutions would you

expect the magnesium to oxidize most

rapidly? Why?

16.2 (a)Compute the voltage at 25◦C of an elec-

trochemical cell consisting of pure lead

immersed in a 5× 10 −^2 Msolution of

Pb^2 +ions, and pure tin in a 0.25Msolu-

tion of Sn^2 +ions.

(b)Write the spontaneous electrochemical

reaction.