Presenting the Past Anxious History and Ancient Future in Hindutva India

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Ramayana: Historicizing Myth and Mythologizing History 71


  1. Philip Lutgendorf, The Life of a Text: Performing the Ramcaritmanas ofTulsidas
    (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991), pp. 23,18, 33, 34.

  2. Jawaharlal Nehru, The Discovery of India (New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru
    Memorial Fund, 1982), p. 67.

  3. M.K. Gandhi, Gita—My Mother, ed. A.T. Hingorani (Bombay: Bharatiya
    Vidya Bhavan, 1965), p. 6.

  4. Nehru, The Discovery of India, p. 67.

  5. Tapan Basu et al., Khaki Shorts and Saffron Flags: A Critique of the Hindu Right
    (New Delhi: Orient Longman, 1993), p. 9.

  6. See T. L. Vaswani, Sri Rama: The Beloved ofAryavarta (Poona, India: Gita Pub-
    lishing House, n.d.), pp. 5,7.

  7. Sita Ram Goel, "Rama—Man, or God?" Organiser, 14 October 1963, pp. 12,



  8. See G.W. Trompf, "Macrohistory and Acculturation: Between Myth and
    History in Modern Melanesian Adjustments and Ancient Gnosticism," Compara-
    tive Studies in Society and History 31, no. 4 (October 1989), p. 625.

  9. A.K. Ramanujan, "Three Hundred Ramayanas: Five Examples and Three
    Thoughts on Translation," in Many Ramayanas: The Diversity of a Narrative Tradition
    in South Asia, ed. Paula Richman (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991),
    pp. 24-25.

  10. Tulsidas, quoted in Philip Lutgendorf, "Ramayan: The Video," Drama Review
    34, no. 2 (summer 1990), p. 127.

  11. Ramanujan, "Three Hundred Ramayanas," pp. 25,33.

  12. Romila Thapar, "The Ramayana: Theme and Variation," in India: History and
    Thought, ed. S.N. Mukherjee (Calcutta: Subarnarekha, 1982), pp. 221-22, 229.

  13. Ibid., pp. 224-25.

  14. Thapar, "The Ramayana: Theme and Variation," pp. 226-40. See also
    Thapar's "A Historical Perspective on the Story of Rama," Thatched Patio 5, no.
    6 (November-December 1992), and Exile and the Kingdom: Some Thoughts on the
    Ramayana (Bangalore: Mythic Society, 1978).

  15. Thapar, "The Ramayana: Theme and Variation," pp. 221,245.

  16. Kapil Kumar, "The Ramcharitmanas as a Radical Text: Baba Ram Chandra
    in Oudh, 1920-1950," in Social Transformation and Creative Imagination, ed. Sudhir
    Chandra (New Delhi: Allied Publishers, 1984), pp. 311-33.

  17. Sita Ram Goel, "Monstrosities of Modern Indology," Organiser, 14 May 1962,
    p. 5.

  18. Periyar E. V Ramaswami, The Ramayana: A True Reading (Trichy, India: Peri-
    yar Self-Respect Propaganda Institution, 1972), pp. iii-iv.

  19. Paula Richman, "E.V Ramasami's Reading of the Ramayana," in Many
    Ramayanas: The Diversity of a Narrative Tradition in South Asia, ed. Paula Richman
    (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991), pp. 175-77,195.

  20. PH. Gupta, My Studies in the Ramayana (Visakhapatnam: n.p., 1968), p. 181.

  21. Nehru, The Discovery of India, pp. 99-101.

  22. VS. Krishnaswami and D. Tiruvenkatachariar, The Ramayana in Hundred Let-
    ters (Madras, India: Little Flower, 1962), p. xxii.

  23. C. Rajagopalachari, Ramayana (Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1968), p.



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