202 NOTES TO PAGES 65-72
invocation of a coveted object (the scent of 'iid was part of beauty regimes)
and danger (the relief at not having lost men) sets the theme for Baliidhuri's
presentation of this frontier. S. Anya King, "The Importance of Imported
Aromatics in Arabic Culture: Illustrations from Pre-Islamic and Early Is-
lamic Poetry," f ournal of Near Eastern Studies vol. 67, no. 3 (Juiy 2008),
pp. 175-189.- Fathnama, p. 10.
- Baliidhuri, Futiil;i al-Buldiin (Beirut: Maktaba al-Hilal, 1988), p. 425.
- Fathnama, p. 25.
4r. Ibid., p. 35. Emphasis added. - Ibid., p. 185.
- C. E. Bosworth. The History of Beyhaqi, vol. 1 (Boston, MA: !lex Founda-
tion, 20n), p. 178. - Ibid., p. 183.
- Ibid., p. 179.
- Ibid., p. 183.
47. Henry Cousens, The Architectural Antiquities of Western India (London:
The India Society, 1926), p. 2. - Ibid., p. 82.
- Ibid., p. 13.
50. The earliest excavations in Sind were carried out•in 1854 by A. F. Bellasis
and C. M. Richardson, who also cited Chachnama in their report, though
they reported it as an original Arabic text. See A. F. Bellasis, "An Account of
the Ancient and Ruined City of Brahminabad, in Sind," The f ournal of the
Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society vol. 5, no. 20 (1857), p. 416.
5r. Cousens, Antiquities of Sind, p. 19.
52. Ibid., p. 30.
53. I thank Andrew Ollett for bringing this text to my attention and for sharing
his unpublished paper "The Sarp.desarasaka of 'A.bd ur-Rahman" with me.
54. Samdesarasaka of Abdala Rahamana, edited by H. C. Bhayani (Ahmedabad:
Prakrit Text Society, 1999), p. 14. This is easily read as praise in the rhythm
and structure evoked from the Qur'an's description of God in surah Hajj:
"Hast thou not seen that unto Allah payeth adoration whosoever is in the
heavens and whosoever is in the earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the
stars, and the hills, and the trees, and the beasts, and many of mankind,
while there are many unto whom the doom is justly due. He whom Allah
scorneth, there is none to give him honour. Lo! Allah doeth what He will."
However, in a similar vein surah Nahl (16:49) reads, "And unto Allah ma-
keth prostration whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth
of living creatures, and the angels (also) and they are not proud." Also along
these lines is surah Fussilat (41:37): "And of His portents are the night and
the day and the sun and the moon. Do not prostrate to the sun or the moon;
but prostrate to Allah Who created them, if it is in truth Him Whom ye wor-
ship." See The Glorious Qur'an, trans. Muhammad M. Pickthall (New
York: Muslim World League, 1977), p. 340.
55. Samdesarasaka of Abdala Rahamana, ed. H. C. Bhayani (Ahmedabad:
Prakrit Text Society, 1999), p. 16-17.