Identity formation in individuals with AS 51The analogy to racism was further expressed through Max’s desire for people to
understand and accept his diagnosis. Throughout the interview, techniques such as
questioning and relatable comparisons were used by Max to ensure the interviewer
had a clear understanding of how he felt. When explaining the prejudices people
had against him he asked the question, “Would you like it if someone insulted your
country in front of you?” This drew the researcher in, allowing them to connect
with the point Max was trying to make, emphasising the importance for others to
understand him and accept his differences for whom he is. MacLeod and Johnston
(2007) agree, reporting that individuals with a diagnosis have a desire to share their
experiences with professionals, thus providing an in-depth understanding of how
a diagnosis of AS contributes to their identity and what challenges they are faced
with as a result.
Although Max highlighted a range of concerns regarding the acceptance of
AS amongst his peers, it is evident that his connection to AS and his identity is
remarkably strong. During the interview he repeatedly stated, “it is what I use to
define myself... how would you define me, how would you define my differ-
ence?” This response further illustrates the role AS has had in Max’s journey of
self-understanding.
Through this current study, it can be implied that the subset of individuals who
will no longer be diagnosed with AS under the DSM-V may be impacted emo-
tionally due to a lack of understanding regarding their differences, impacting the
formation of their identity.
Future directions
This study involved a young adult and his mother. Conclusions about a whole
population cannot be drawn as the findings are only based on one individual’s
experiences (Zhan and Ottenbacher, 2001). Further studies in the field focusing on
multiple participants will help overcome these limitations, allowing more general
conclusions to be drawn. Due to the limited availability of studies associated with
identity and AS, further research concentrating on identity formation in individuals
with AS is needed. A larger scale study will allow greater generalised conclusions to
be drawn around identity formation.
Conclusion
Max’s explanations and reflections are of significant value to gaining insight and
understanding of individuals with AS. Due to the changes in diagnostic criteria,
it is important to have an understanding of how a diagnosis of AS has facilitated
in the construction of this subset of individuals’ identity and what the impacts
may be without this diagnosis and label. The findings indicate a strong connection
between a diagnosis of AS and identity formation, with the diagnosis allowing Max
to become accepting and proud of his individuality.