[Ibadan Journal of Sociology, June, 2019, 9 ]
[© 2014-2019 Ibadan Journal of Sociology]85trend is observable among those in age group 40+ and primary and
secondary educational level. While those who had attained primary
education are 24.7 times more likely to experience U5M than their
counterparts in the reference age category, those in the same age group (40+
years), higher educational level are 6% less likely to experience U5M
compared to those in the reference age group. This means that there is an
inverse relationship between age and U5MR among urban poor in Nigeria.
Furthermore, there is significant relationship between child’s birth
order and educational level among the urban poor in Nigeria. Although the
odds of U5M seems to be less among urban poor without formal education
and secondary education or above than those without formal education, yet
the odds of those with primary education especially among urban poor with
1 child’s birth order, as well as, no formal education are significantly higher
than those with secondary education and above. For instance, while the odds
of U5M among those with primary educational level is 4.2 times higher than
those with secondary education and above (OR = 0.229, P<0.05), those
without formal education are 37.2% less likely to experience U5M
compared to those in their reference groups. Also, the odds of under-five
deaths among urban poor without formal education and with 2-3 children’s
birth order (OR = 0.362, P<0.05) are significantly higher than those with the
same number of birth order, but had secondary education and above (OR =
0.166, P<0.05). This result demonstrates the fact that educational level play
significant roles in the experience of under-five deaths among mothers
across all age groups among the urban poor in Nigeria.
Previous studies have indicated that the interaction of maternal
education with household characteristics is significantly related to U5M in
Nigeria (e.g. Ayinmoro, Fayehun, & Ogunsemoyin, 2019). Findings from
this study have also shown that household source of drinking water is
significantly related to educational level among urban poor, especially those
with limited improved sources of water in the household and primary
educational level (OR = 0.101, P<0.05), as well as, among overall urban
poor in the country (OR = 0.450, P<0.05). This implies that while U5M had
no significant relationship between urban poor with basic improved sources
of drinking water, the odds of experiencing under-five deaths among the
urban poor with limited improved water and had primary education are 0.10
and 0.45 times as compared to those with surface source in the country.
Additionally, while the odds of under-five deaths among urban poor
with limited improved toilet facility is 0.29 times as compared to those in
the reference group, there is no significant relationship between other
categories of household toilet facilities and U5M in the country as well as
household type of cooking fuel. Given the disparities in the odds of under-
five deaths among educational categories and household characteristics
among urban poor, it is indicative that those with limited improved source