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B+WTLR CAMERAS
TLR or Twin Lens Reflex cameras are
immediately identifiable thanks to the
paired lenses that give them their name
and a simple boxy shape that can be traced
back to the earliest models. Although some
TLRs were designed around the 127 and
35mm film formats, and a small number
offer interchangeable lenses, the majority
of these cameras have a remarkably similar
specification; they shoot square 6x6cm
frames on medium format film through a
fixed focal length lens that’s typically in the
region of 75-80mm (the standard focal length
for the format).
The reason they have two lenses is because
each has its own role; one is used for viewing
(and focusing) and the other is used for
actually taking the photography. Because both
of the lenses are mounted on the same panel
(or are connected using a geared mechanism)
they focus at the same distance and they have
the same focal length. The ‘taking’ lens records
pretty much what you see through the viewing
lens on the waist-level finder. The beauty of
this design is that each lens can be optimised
for its specific role so the viewing lens can
project a bright image onto the ground glass
while the taking lens can be tuned to deliver
astounding image quality. Consequently, even
a mediocre TLR can deliver great results,
making it as compelling today as it was in its
heyday during the mid 20th century.Above
Seagull cameras first appeared in the 1960s and production of these TLRs continued through to the 2000s.
They didn’t have a great reputation for build quality and performance but they offered a low-cost route
into medium format for those on a budget. This photograph was taken on a Seagull 4A-109.The undisputed king of the TLRs is the widely imitated
(but never equalled) Rolleiflex which is reflected in the
price of even a well used model. However, set your
sights a bit lower and you will find plenty of budget
friendly Rolleicords (the Rollei TLR aimed at
amateurs), Yashicamats and Mamiyaflexes plus a
whole host of lesser-known brands on the market.›© Chris Gatcum© Shutterstock