National Geographic History - 03.2019 - 04.2019

UOUS MMPTION EAST PEDIMENT OF THE SIPHNIAN TREASURY, SHOWING APOLLO AND HERACLES FIGHTING FOR THE TRIPOD. DELPHI ARCHAEOLOGICAL ...

SACRED SIGHTS Frescoes of Jesus, the Virgin Mary, the Apostles, evangelists, prophets, and angels adorn the walls of the church ...

JOSÉ PÉREZ-ACCINO Christianity’s origins in the ancient world are found in many places, but perhaps the most surprising are in E ...

E gypt, land of the pyramids, is the set- ting for many of the best known tales from the Old Testament. Through Mo- ses, God pun ...

PAGAN PAST Egypt’s Christians were reminded of the splendor of their ancient religions, like the hypostyle hall of the Temple of ...

Arabic wordqibt, which derives from the Greek ypt, Aigyptos. This in turn is derived ka-ptah, a temple in Memphis dedi- ah. The ...

I SCALA, FLORENCE BETWEEN EGYPT AND GREECE. The final stage in the development of the ancient Egyptian language, Coptic emerged ...

Other histories compiled about Mark recall his teachings as well as miracles credited to him. On arrival in Alexandria, Mark is ...

INTERWOVEN TRADITIONS A third- or fourth-century shroud found at the Roman-Egyptian city of Antinoöpolis, depicting a young woma ...

one victim during this period, which Copts call the age of martyrs, was St. Catherine of Alex- andria.Her story is one of the be ...

THE VIRGIN ENTHRONED holds Jesus on her lap and is surrounded by the Apostles in this fresco decorating a painted niche at the B ...

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS ERNEST KOWALCZYK As new ideas about science and religion were dividing Europe, a Polish clergyman quietly pi ...

FRONTISPIECE: CULTURE CLUB/GETTY IMAGES HIS LIFE’S WORK Copernicus is shown at work in a 20th-century painting by Jean-Léon Huen ...

52 MARCH/APRIL 2019 GOD AND COMMERCE The son of a merchant, Nicolaus Copernicus was born in Torun (above) in Looming over the V ...

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC HISTORY 53 A CENTURY BEFORE Galileo’s persecution, the church’s attitude to- ward astronomy was more open. T ...

learning at the time. Whatever diffidence he later showed in his scientific theories, Coperni- cus did not lack funds or time to ...

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC HISTORY 55 A TRADITIONholds that Copernicus made astronomical observa- tions from a tower in the cathedral c ...

the first telescopeswere developed in the early 1600s. Copernicus was lim- ited to three instruments that the math- ematician Pt ...

other research, Copernicus calculated the time each planet took to go around the sun: Mercu- ry (88 days), Venus (225 days), Ear ...

his theory in 1540. The treatise, called The First Account of the Book on the Revolutions by Nicolaus Copernicus, piqued the int ...