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87

PREVENTION

Regular exercise, such as running, walking, or playing

sport, improves fitness by making the heart and body

muscles more efficient. It is also important to eat a

balanced diet made up of a wide range of foods –

including pasta and rice, fruit and vegetables,

lean meat, and oily fish – and low in salt,

sugar, and in the unhealthy fats found in red

meat. Not only does a healthy diet reduce

the risk of becoming overweight, it can

also help protect against certain diseases.

SURGERY

Performed by a doctor called a surgeon, surgery

involves cutting into a patient’s body to repair,

remove, or replace tissue damaged by disease or

injury. Surgery takes place in an operating theatre.

To reduce the risk of infection, staff wear gowns

and masks, and everything is sterile (free of germs).

During an operation the patient is given an anaesthetic

• a drug or gas that stops them feeling any pain.

Fish, especially oily fish, contain

fatty acids that can reduce the

risk of heart disease

Oranges, like all

fruits, contain

vitamins that

are essential for

good health

Training shoes are

ideal footwear for

running and other

exercises that

improve fitness

Chicken is a meat that

is rich in protein, but

low in harmful fats

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Sterile surgical

instruments are the

“tools” used by a

surgeon to perform

operations

Fine forceps are

used to grip and

lift tissues during

an operation

Scalpel is a sharp

blade for cutting

through skin and

other tissues

Dumbbell^ w

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Antiseptic cream

Sterile dressing

Disposable gloves

Elasticated bandages

support joints, limit

swelling, and secure

dressings that

control bleeding

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