DK - World War II Map by Map

CHINA IN TURMOIL 23

THE LONG MARCH 1934–1935

Locked in a civil war with Chiang Kai-shek’s

Nationalists, China’s Communist armies were

forced to retreat from their heartland in the

south-eastern Jiangxi province. In October 1934,

Communist leader Mao Zedong led around 100,000

men and their dependants on a march west and

then north through hostile terrain to a new base

in the mountains of northern Shaanxi province;

around 8,000 survived, arriving in October 1935.

4

Route of the Long March

1919 Beijing students

initiate the May 4th

Movement in favor of

national unity.

1935 The Japanese

establish a puppet state

centered on Beijing.

1931 The Japanese

Army seizes the key

city of Shenyang.

1932 The puppet

state of Manchukuo,

with its capital at Hsinking,

is established by the

Japanese in Manchuria.

1927–1938 After the success

of the Northern Expedition,

Nanjing becomes the

Nationalist capital of China.

1932 The Japanese

attack Shanghai.

1924 A Nationalist capital

is established at Guangzhou

in opposition to the rival

warlord capital in Beijing.

Oct 1934 100,000 Communists and

their dependants set out from near

Yudu on the Long March.

1933

The Japanese

occupy Jehol

province.

1926–1928 The Northern

Expedition captures major

eastern cities as it reunites

the country.

JAPANESE INCURSIONS 1932–1937

After its assimilation of Manchuria, Japan turned

its attentions to eastern China. Again, its army

staged a series of incidents to provide a cause

for war. On January 28, 1932, the Japanese naval

forces approached Shanghai and bombed the

city. After some intense fighting, the Japanese

withdrew in early March. Japanese forces then

occupied the northern Jehol province in 1933,

and in 1935 turned the five northern provinces

around Beijing into a virtual puppet state.

3

Japanese Empire, c. 1930

Invaded, 1933

Japanese sphere

of influence

by 1935

Yellow

Sea

Bo Hai

Sea of Japan

(East Sea)

South

China Sea

Lake

Khanka

Qinghai

Yalu

Yell

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Taiwan
Hainan
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US_022-023_China_in_Turmoil.indd 23 22/03/19 2:38 PM