DK - World War II Map by Map

268 ENDGAME AND AFTERMATH 1944–1955

1

Jul 4, 1946

The Philippines

archipelago becomes

an independent

republic.

Apr 18–24, 1955 Newly

independent Asian and

African states meeting at

Bandung, Indonesia, form the

nonaligned movement of

countries avoiding pacts with

the main world powers.

Sep 8, 1954

The Southeast Asia

Treaty Organization

(SEATO) is formed

in Manila to protect

against Communist

expansionism.

May 7, 1954 Besieged French

forces at Dien Bien Phu surrender

to General Vo Nguyen Giap; nearly

10,000 French troops are captured.

Sep 15–25, 1950 UN and South

Korean forces launch an amphibious

assault at Inchon and recapture

Seoul before heading north.

Oct 19, 1950

Pyongyang

is captured by

UN forces, which

then advance

toward the border

with China.

Jul 1949 A UN cease-fire line

is agreed to contain the

dispute between India and

Pakistan over territories in

Jammu and Kashmir.

Jan 4, 1948

Burma gains

independence

from Britain

and becomes

the Union of

Burma.

Jan 30, 1948

Mahatma Gandhi

is assassinated in

New Delhi by a

Hindu Nationalist.

Jul 21, 1954

A demilitarized

zone is established

in Vietnam.

Feb 4, 1948 Ceylon,

formerly ruled as a colony

by the British, gains

independence.

ASIAN EMANCIPATION

The Atlantic Charter of

August 1941 outlined a post-

war world of freedom and

sovereign rights (see p.68).

However, the decolonization

of Asia continued until well

into the 20th century.

1945 1950 1955 1960

2

3

4

5

6

1

TIMELINE

KEY

UK

France

Netherlands

FORMER COLONIAL POWERS

Post-war borders Independence

from colonial rule

US

Portugal

Australia

▽ Defending South Korea

On October 9, 1950, less than four months after

the invasion of South Korea by North Korea,

civilians north of Seoul gather to cheer passing

US troops as they race to the border.

Japan

KOREA—A PENINSULA ENGULFED BY WAR

JUNE 25, 1950–JULY 27, 1953

After the defeat of Japan in 1945, Korea was split into

the Soviet-backed north and the US-backed south,

both of which failed to agree a unification settlement.

In 1950, the North Koreans, led by Kim Il-Sung,

invaded the south, sparking the Korean War, which

drew in US, UN, and Chinese interests. The war

ended in an armistice in 1953, which created a

demilitarized zone between north and south.

6

Extent of North

Korean advance,

Sep 15, 1950

Demilitarized zone,

Jul 27, 1953

THE END OF THE DUTCH EAST INDIES

AUGUST 17, 1945–DECEMBER 27, 1949

The declaration of independence by the Indonesian

nationalist leaders Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta

on August 17, 1945, sparked four years of diplomatic

struggle and bloodshed. Two major Dutch policing

actions failed to stem increased guerrilla warfare.

Responding to international pressure, the Dutch

eventually conceded and recognized Indonesia as

independent in December 1949.

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2002
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INDIA
EAST
PAKISTAN
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D O N E S I A
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BHUTAN
SINGAPORE
BRUNEI
CAMBODIA
NORTH
KOREA
SOUTH
KOREA
CEYLON
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EP
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TA
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AN
WEST PAPUA
PAPUA
NEW GUINEA
LA
O
S
TIBET
MALAYA
SARAWAK
Bandung
Dhaka
Yanam
Pondicherry
Karaikal
Daman
Goa
Qamdo
Srinagar
Dien Bien Phu
Hong Kong
Haiphong
Hanoi
Manila
New
Delhi
Karachi
Colombo
Diu
Mahé
Chandernagore
Panmunjom
Pyongyang
Rangoon
Saigon
Seoul
Tokyo
Inchon
1998
Macau
VIETNAM
1965
Maldives
1947
US_268-269_Decolonization_of_Asia.indd 268 24/05/19 1:17 PM