In Fig. 3.1.5, application data are seen in its raw state. Data are unintegrated. In one
record, male is designated as 1, and female is designated as a Y. In another record, male
is an X, and female is 0. And other elements of data are similarly unintegrated.

Trying to look at the application data from a corporate perspective is very difficult to do.
A transformation of data occurs as data are put into a corporate format. Data are
converted into a common format and placed into a data warehouse. Now, the data
warehouse can be read and analyzed corporately.

Transforming Data Into a Customized State

Yet, another type of transformation occurs when data need to be customized for the
purpose of analytic processing.

Fig. 3.1.6 shows this kind of transformation.

Chapter 3.1: Transformations in the End-State Architecture