BBC Focus - 09.2019

(avery) #1
Whataretheethicalconcerns?
Chimerasareoftenmetwiththecriticismthat
theyare‘unnatural’creatures.Butis thata valid
reasontostoptheresearch?“Peoplethink,‘Oh,
weshouldn’tbeplayingGod,weshouldn’tbe
creatingthesethingsthatareunnatural,’”
explainsDrMackenzieGraham,a researchfellow
inneuroethicsat theOxfordUehiroCentrefor
Practical Ethics. However, he believes this

2 experiments,histeamsuccessfullycreateda
ratwitha pancreasmadeofmousecells.The
pancreaswaslatertransplantedintoa mouse
engineeredtohavediabetes,andthemousewas
effectivelycured.Anyorgansthatcouldbeused
fortransplantationinhumanswouldhavetobe
grownina largeranimal,suchasa pigorsheep,
sothattheorganwouldbebigenoughforthe
patienttouse.Additionally,thechimerastendto
bemoresuccessful if the two species are closely
related.

Havehumanhybridsbeencreatedbefore?
IzpisúaBelmonte’steamreportedthefirst
successfulhuman-animalchimerain2017,when
theycreatedpig-humanhybridembryos.The
researchersmodifiedthehumanstemcellsto
fluorescesothatanyhumancellsintheembryo
glowed.Afterdevelopingforthreetofourweeks,
onlyaround1 in100,000cellswashuman:far too
lowtobeuseful,and not localised in any
particular organ.


“Chimeras areoften met


with the criticism that they


are ‘unnatural’ creatures.


But is that a valid reason to


stop the research?”


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