Glossary/Index A107pardons granted by, 54, 433
as party leader, 447–48
policy agenda of, 45
political party of, 262, 264, 270, 278,
279, 280
presidential campaign and election
(2016). See presidential campaign
and election of 2016
presidential power of, 30–32, 57–58,
418–20, 442, 442, 450
on profiling, 148
progressive movement in response
to, 347
public opinion on, 24–25, 207, 208,
209, 210, 214, 215, 217, 2 2 7, 331,
389, 447, 449, 449
regulations repealed by, 461,
561– 62
Republican opposition to, 279, 280,
289, 331, 332, 447
and Russia, 54, 57, 64, 244, 443, 444,
445, 472
and sanctuary cities, 75, 77, 98
social policies of, 578, 584, 585, 587
spouse of, 440
on student loans, 342
on Supreme Court decisions, 523,
524
Supreme Court nominations of, 23,
55, 291, 426, 488, 489, 501, 503,
504, 504, 524
tax policies of, 285, 286, 290, 331, 541,
543, 552, 556
trade policies of, 420, 425, 530, 532,
544, 564–68, 614–16, 626, 634,
639 –40, 640, 643–46, 650
travel ban of, 53, 57–58, 64, 177, 192,
445, 450, 490, 523, 524, 525, 627
unified government of, 450
unilateral actions of, 442, 443, 444,
445, 445, 450
vetoes from, 432, 433
and Women’s March, 171
Trump, Ivanka, 438, 439
Trump, Melania, 127, 440
Trump University, 502trustee, 380, 381 A member of Congress
who represents constituents’ inter-
ests while also taking into account
national, collective, and moral
concerns that sometimes cause the
member to vote against the prefer-
ence of a majority of constituents.trust fund for Social Security, 594–95,
595
Tubman, Harriet, 152
Turkey, 622turkey farms, 478 Agencies to which
campaign workers and donors can
be appointed in reward for their
service because it is unlikely that
their lack of qualifications will lead
to bad policy.Twain, Mark, 378
Tweed, William “Boss,” 266
Twelfth Amendment, 44, 62
Twenty-First Amendment, 62
Twitter, 2, 3, 234
interest group use of, 360
Park Service using, 454, 482
political information on, 237, 238
Trump use of, 242, 242, 243, 418,
4 49
Tyler, John, 421Ukraine, 635, 635, 636, 642
unalienable rights, 36, 37
Underground Railroad, 152, 152
unemployment benefits, 116, 541, 575,
576, 603, 604
unemployment rate, 161, 218, 226, 309,
422
in financial crisis (2008), 550
in full employment, 533
globalization affecting, 645, 645
in Great Depression, 267, 421, 576
and inflation rate, 534, 535
Misery Index on, 534, 535
of Native Americans, 154
trade-offs between economic goals
in, 539
trade policies affecting, 530, 532,
566, 643–44, 645
Unfunded Mandate Reform Act (1995),
86unfunded mandates, 86, 89 Federal laws
that require the states to do certain
things but do not provide state
governments with funding to imple-
ment these policies.unified government, 5 7, 286, 299, 450 A
situation in which one party holds
a majority of seats in the Houseand Senate and the president is a
member of that same party.unilateral actions, national, 617 Indepen-
dent acts of foreign policy undertaken
by a nation without the assistance or
coordination of other nations.unilateral actions, presidential, 442 ,
442–46, 450, 629 Any policy decision
made and acted upon by the presi-
dent and presidential staff without
the explicit approval or consent of
Congress.Union League, 153unitary executive theory, 443 The
idea that the vesting clause of the
Constitution gives the president the
authority to issue orders and policy
directives that cannot be undone by
Congress.unitary government, 8, 74 A system in
which the national, centralized
government holds ultimate author-
ity. It is the most common form of
government in the world.United Farm Workers Union,
154
United Health, 602
United Kingdom, 8, 74, 536, 641United Nations, 422, 6 1 7, 618 , 621, 630,
633, 636–37 An international
organization made up of represen-
tatives from nearly every nation,
with a mission to promote peace
and cooperation, uphold interna-
tional law, and provide humanitar-
ian aid.
General Assembly of, 637
Security Council of, 637, 640United States, Schenck v., 118
United States International Trade
Commission, 638
United States Mexico Canada Agree-
ment (USMCA), 566
United States Mint, 548
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