Page 66
QUESTIONS
QUICK and easy
vegetarian lunch or
snack. SERVES 1A Zog’s life
in Albania
Compiled by Charles LeggeTODAY’S RECIPE:
Mexican egg roll
MethodQUESTION
Why did King
Zog I of Albania
adopt the name Skanderbeg III?
Zog I carved out a throne for himself
following hundreds of years of ottoman
rule of Albania. He added the name of
Skanderbeg, the national hero, to his title
to reinforce his position.
Zog was born Ahmed Bey Zogolli in
1895, the son of an Albanian noble. When
the ottomans left in 1913, Prince Wilhelm
of Weid became Albania’s figurehead and
adopted the title Skanderbeg II.
He was exiled a year later. During World
War I, Albania was in disarray as other
Balkan countries vied to seize parts of
the country.
From 1920, there was a succession of
short-lived governments in which Zogolli,
going by the name Zogu, held various
posts until he was exiled in 1924.
He returned at the end of the year
and, backed by an army of Yugoslav
mercenaries financed by international oil
companies, established himself as
dictator with the title of president.
Zogu began a fateful association with
Italy in 1925: a major financial loan was
followed in 1927 by a 20-year defensive
military alliance.
In 1928, with Italian approval, Zogu
made his dictatorship permanent,
proclaimed Albania a monarchy and took
the title Zog I, King of the Albanians. He
also styled himself as Skanderbeg III to
tap into the allure of the national hero.
The original Skanderbeg was george
Kastrioti, born in 1405 to a noble family in
northern Albania.
After the ottoman invasion, he
converted to Islam, became a ward of the
court and studied at a military school in
Turkey. Sultan Murad II gave him the
name Iskander, after Alexander the great,
and the rank of bey, which means chieftain
or governor, hence Skanderbeg.
During the defeat of the Turks at Ni in
Serbia in 1443, Skanderbeg rebelled,
embraced Christianity and reclaimed his
family possessions. In 1444, he led a
league of Albanian princes against the
ottoman Empire. He repulsed 13 Turkish
invasions, making him a hero throughout
the Western world.
In 1463, he joined forces with Venice and
launched an offensive against the
ottomans. Within a few years of his death
in 1468, his citadel at Kruje had fallen and
Albania succumbed to ottoman rule.
The story of Skanderbeg became the
foundation of the Albanian nationalist
movement in the late 19th century. When
it achieved independence, Skanderbeg’s
standard of a double-headed eagle was
adopted as the national flag.
In the run-up to World War II, Zog lost
his grip on his country. Mussolini made
Albania his bridgehead to the Balkans,
and by 1939 Italy controlled the country’s
finances and army.
on April 7, 1939, Mussolini made
Albania into a protectorate, Italy’s Victor
Emmanuel III became its king and Zog
went into exile. His hopes of returning
after the war were disappointed by the
establishment of a communist republic
under Enver Hoxha in 1945, and he died
in exile in France in 1961, aged 65.
Marcus Allen, Plymouth, Devon.QUESTION
In Pisa, I saw
billboards for
Eighties band Tears For Fears. What
other British bands are more famous
on the Continent than here?
THE London-born pop singer Kim Wilde
was a huge hit in Britain in the early
Eighties. Kids In America, her 1981 debut
single, was a global hit and she had Top
Tens with Chequered Love, You Keep Me
Hanging on and You Came.
She won a Brit award and toured with
Michael Jackson before disappearing
from the British pop scene in the
early Nineties. However, she has
remained popular on the Continent,
particularly in germany.
All of her albums have achieved a better
chart position in germany than in the
UK. In 2003, she teamed up with Nena of99 Red Balloons fame on a new version of
the german singer’s Anyplace, Any-
where, Anytime, which went to No.3.
Wilde appears at festivals and concerts
all over Europe with her band.
Luke Grainger, Birmingham.
gLAMoUR model Sam Fox launched
her music career in 1986 with her debut
single Touch Me (I Want Your Body),
which was No.1 in 17 countries.
While she quickly fell out of favour in
Britain, she has continued her popularity
in Europe and beyond. She recently
appeared on TV in France, germany,
greece and Spain. Her gigs take her all
over Europe, U.S. and the Middle East.
Rachel Moorhouse, Monmouth.
A1 WERE a British boy band that formed
in London in 1998. They had nine Top
Ten hits, including No.1s Take on Me
and Same old Brand New You.
Thanks to Norwegian member Christian
Ingebrigtsen, their five albums charted
higher in Norway than here. Their last
UK Top Ten hit was 2002’s Caught In
The Middle, after which they split. They
reformed in 2009 and had three Top 20
hits in Norway, but none here.
In their heyday, they were massive in
Asia, particularly Indonesia, but in 2001
four of their fans were killed in a stam-
pede during a mall signing in Jakarta.
Katie Hollyoak, Wilmslow, Cheshire.QUESTION
When and where
was the Turin
Shroud discovered? When did it move
to Turin?
THE initial answer was quite correct as
to the name of the knight in whose
possession a shroud of Jesus Christ is
first said to have been found in 1353.
However, this was not the geoffroi de
Charney, who had been the Templar
Preceptor for Normandy. He had been
executed in 1314 alongside grand Master
Jacques de Molay, two years after the
Templar order had been dissolved by
Pope Clement V.
The geoffroi de Charney, or Charny,
who is alleged to have owned the Shroud
was born in 1300 and may have been a
nephew of the other.
This later geoffroi was a secular knight
who was killed at the Battle of Poitiers in- He is also remembered as the
author of at least three works on the sub-
ject of chivalry.
However, there is no clear link to the
Turin Shroud, which was repudiated by
Bishop d’Arcis in 1390 in a letter to Pope
Clement VII. This is the earliest record of
its existence.
David Bradford, Belmonte, Portugal.
: George V was accused of bigamy
when he was Duke of York. Was
there any truth in this accusation?
Rory Prosser, Edinburgh.
: Where does all the rubber from
tyre wear go?
A. J. Wyeth, Basingstoke, Hants.
: Why do sailors call the Royal Navy
‘the Andrew’?
C. Vaughan, Southampton.QQQIngredientsDelusions of grandeur: King Zog I1 large egg
a little rapeseed
oil for frying
2 tbsp tomato salsa1 Beat egg with 1 tbsp water. Heat oil in a
medium non-stick pan. Add egg and swirl
round base of pan, as though you are making
a pancake, and cook until set. There is no need
to turn it over.
2 Carefully tip pancake onto a board, spread
with salsa, sprinkle with coriander, then roll it
up. It can be eaten warm or cold.
n RECIPE of the Day brought to you in association
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