Los Angeles Times - 25.08.2019

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Best of houzz 2019

Nursing homes and doctors
can be protective of their patients,
Schnakers said, so getting access
to them can be difficult.
The doctors “are afraid of hav-
ing false hope for them,” she said.


b


Omar Salgado’s doctor, Ken
Warm, speaks like a man who’s
accustomed to delivering bad
news. He chooses each word delib-
erately, often taking long pauses in
mid-sentence, his language
stripped bare of hyperbole.
“Unfortunately, the way you
heard it — that Medi-Cal pays for
us to keep him alive — that’s really
true and really challenging,” Warm
said.
“For every one of [these pa-
tients] I would like to do more
than I’m doing,” he said.
Medi-Cal — the state’s insur-
ance plan for the poor and disa-
bled — pays nursing homes a daily
rate to care for patients like Sal-
gado. The Villa’s rate is about $
a day. Some of that money can be
used for rehabilitation, according
to a spokesperson for the state
Department of Health Care Serv-
ices.
It’s up to the nursing home to
decide the best treatment.
Patients at the Villa are cared
for by nurses and nursing assist-
ants, and evaluated weekly by
family doctors or geriatricians.
There is no regular testing by
experts to gauge whether patients’
level of consciousness is changing
over time.
“We don’t have a neurologist
who’s willing to see these patients
on a regular basis,” Warm said,
because Medi-Cal reimbursement
is low.
Knowing that Salgado or oth-
ers on the subacute unit may in
fact be conscious, Warm said,
doesn’t change the outcome.
“What do you do if you know?”
Warm asked.
“They’re still locked in,” he
said, referring to a neurological
syndrome in which a patient is
conscious but can’t move or speak.


b


At first, little changed after
Salgado’s awakening. I’d tell the
staff he could communicate by
blinking and some tried to elicit a
response. But they said he wasn’t
consistent. Sometimes he’d blink
and other times he’d just stare
straight ahead.
On Salgado’s good days, I’d
pepper him with questions: one
blink for yes, two for no.
“Do you have a mom?”
One blink.
“Do you have a dad?”


One blink.
“Do you have a sister?”
One blink.
“Do you talk to your mom?”
Two blinks.
“Are you in pain?”
One blink.
Eventually, Salgado got the
colostomy surgery he needed and
put on weight. He stopped shiver-
ing and answered with two blinks
when asked if he was in pain.
One afternoon, I heard Salgado
cough. It wasn’t the gurgling rasp
common among tracheostomy
patients. There was depth to it, as
though his vocal cords had en-
gaged.
I went to the side of his bed and
made a humming sound. I asked
him to repeat it, and when he did, I
recorded it with my phone. I sent
the recording to Kirkpatrick, the
nursing home director, with the
heading: “Omar makes sounds.”
Not long after, Salgado got a

speaking valve — a device that
allows air to pass through the hole
in his throat and engage his vocal
cords.
He began to say “hi,” as though
he was blowing the word out with a
puff of air. One day, I asked him my
name.
“Joooo Annnnn,” he said.
“What’s your name?” I asked.
“Omar.”
Salgado’s hands began to un-
curl and I brought markers and
scrapbooks. He scribbled at first,
most of it indecipherable. Weeks
later, we wrote out his three goals:
to go outside, eat pizza and read a
Spider-Man comic.
I showed Kirkpatrick that
Salgado could read and write. I
held up words in a notepad: chair,
skateboard, butterfly, and Salgado
read them aloud as Kirkpatrick
watched. It was mounting evi-
dence that Salgado no longer
belonged on the subacute unit.

There have been many firsts for
Salgado since his awakening: the
first time he tasted grape juice; the
first time he danced by moving his
shoulders side to side when a song
he knew came on the radio; the
first time he told me he loved me,
and I asked him to repeat it several
times, partly because his voice was
so soft and partly because I
needed to hear it more than once;
the first time he hugged me, on the
day after Thanksgiving in 2016,
and I was surprised by the
strength of his embrace; and the
first time he used an iPad (paid for
by a GoFundMe campaign) and
typed, “Hello beautiful people,” on
his very own Facebook account.
More than a year after Salgado
awakened, he was transferred to
another unit at the nursing home
where he would get regular phys-
ical and speech therapy. His voice
is sometimes faint and raspy, but
he speaks with clarity and agency.

He has learned to operate a wheel-
chair and he’s had surgery to close
the hole in his throat. He’s eating
solid food: spinach, fried beans,
eggs and applesauce. He spends
his time putting together puzzles
and watching television.
At last count, Salgado had
made 400 friends on Facebook,
many of them scantily clad wom-
en. At first his posts were some-
times gibberish:
“Your head is stinky.”
Sometimes profound:
“Tomorrow we’ll go to the park
in our imagination.”
Often they were inappropriate.
“God is my dick.”
Now, Salgado’s Facebook posts
range from contemplating
whether he should get a “man
bun” to things more cosmic, such
as “Love is art.”
Sometimes he’s lonely or upset
about the state in which he finds
himself:
“I feel terrible, anxious to walk
and I can’t move my legs. ... I feel
like I’m about to be invalid for the
rest of my life.”
Late last year Salgado made
the most incredible connection of
all on Facebook: He tracked down
an older sister he hadn’t seen in
more than a decade. And finally,
he had his first visitors at the
nursing home — the sister and her
young children.
Salgado has fulfilled all of his
three goals: He’s read several
Spider-Man comic books, and he’s
been on outings with other nurs-
ing home residents, including to
the San Diego County Fair. Earlier
this year, he had his first slice of
pizza.

b


I’ll never know whether Salga-
do’s slow turn toward the radio
was his way of shouting to the
world, “I’m still here!” Or was he
just able to hear the music for the
first time? What if I hadn’t been
there to notice?
Warm pondered a similar ques-
tion.
“Why is he better? Was it just
time?” he recently asked. “Was it
that he made this bond with you?”
If human connection did accel-
erate Salgado’s awakening, Warm
said, how does medicine “re-create
it professionally?”
I moved to New York last year
and I visit Salgado less often now.
He frequently sends me Facebook
messages. Sometimes he wishes
me good night, or asks me what’s
new.
Or he wants to know, “When are
you coming?”
“I miss you.”

Faryon is a special correspondent.

DR. KEN WARMand Omar Salgado. “Why is he better? Was it just time?” Warm wondered
about Salgado’s recovery. Or was it because Salgado had made a human connection with oth-
ers? If that was the case, the doctor said, how does medicine “re-create it professionally?”

Marcus YamLos Angeles Times
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