The Guardian - 27.08.2019

Section:GDN 1N PaGe:2 Edition Date:190827 Edition:01 Zone: Sent at 26/8/2019 20:47 cYanmaGentaYellowbl

• The Guardian Tuesday 27 August 2019

News

Journal Outside G

Opinions and ideas

G2 Centre pullout

Features and arts

Inside 27/8/

Four sections every weekday

Contact

For missing sections call 0800 839 100.

For individual departments, call the Guardian

switchboard: 020 3353 2000.

For the Readers’ editor (corrections

&  clarifi cations on specifi c editorial content), call

020 3353 4736 between 10am and 1pm UK time

Monday to Friday excluding public holidays, or

email [email protected].

Letters for publication should be sent to

[email protected] or the

address on the letters page.

Guardian News & Media, Kings Place, 90 York Way,

London N1 9GU. 020-3353 2000. Fax 020-7837 2114.

In Manchester: Centurion House, 129 Deansgate,

Manchester M3 3WR. Telephone Sales: 020-7611 9000.

The Guardian lists links to third-party websites, but

does not endorse them or guarantee their authenticity

or accuracy. Back issues from Historic Newspapers:

0870-165 1470 guardian.backissuenewspapers.co.uk.

Published by Guardian News & Media, Kings Place,

90 York Way, London N1 9GU, and at Centurion House,

129 Deansgate, Manchester M3 3WR. Printed at Reach

Watford Limited, St Albans Road, Watford, Herts

WD24 7RG; Reach Oldham Limited, Hollinwood Avenue,

Chadderton, Oldham OL9 8EP; Reach Saltire Ltd,

110 Fifty Pitches Place, Glasgow G51 4EA; and by

Irish Times Print Facility, 4080 Kingswood Road,

Citywest Business Campus, Dublin 24. No. 53,810,

Tuesday 27 August 2019. Registered as a newspaper at

the Post Office ISSN 0261-3077.

News and Sport

 Business will not forgive

nor will it forget the great

Brexit betrayal

Polly Toynbee

Page 1

 Biarritz showed that

the G7 is no longer fi t

for purpose

Simon Tisdall

Page 3

The gig economy

Widow of DPD driver who

died after fi ne for hospital

visit is faced with eviction

Page 5

Family ties

Parents and children don’t

always get along. But what

does it take to cut all links?

Page 4

‘Anything lads can do’

How a Yorkshire rider with

a liking for liquorice has

shaken up cycling

Page 35

The Weinstein scandal

As the mogul goes to trial,

why are prominent new

plays on the issue by men?

Page 10

Weather

Page 34

Cartoon

Journal, page 5

Cryptic crossword

Back of Journal

Quick crossword

Back of G

NEWSPAPERS

SUPPORT

RECYCLING

The recycled paper content of UK newspapers

in 2017 was 64.6%^

they voted to leave by a big major-

ity. I think people have just about had

enough of this conversation, and I

think they’re yearning for the moment

when Brexit comes off the front pages

of the national papers, and that will

only happen when we come out of the

EU on October 31, and that is what I

am calling on all my fellow MPs to do.”

Asked about whether he would con-

sider proroguing parliament, he said:

“I rely on parliamentarians to do the

right thing and honour the pledge they

made to the people of this country.”

The tactic being considered would

see parliament shut from 9 September

until 14 October – two weeks before

Johnson has promised to leave the EU.

The offi cial reason would be a break

before a new Queen’s speech setting

out Johnson’s legislative programme,

but it would have the eff ect of stop-

ping MPs legislating against a no-deal

Brexit or ousting Johnson from No 10.

Chakrabarti’s legal advice, seen by

the Guardian, argues that any such

move would be subject to legal chal-

lenge and the courts could intervene

to make sure parliament sits while any

dispute about prorogation is resolved.

She also cited Gina Miller’s case

against the government to ensure that

MPs had to give permission for trigger-

ing article 50 as an example of where

the courts have found parliament to

be sovereign in relation to the EU vote.

“The justices were clear that the

referendum was in itself a creature of

parliament and absent any specifi c leg-

islative provision to the contrary, its

result remains a political rather than

a legally binding outcome and there-

fore subject to normal constitutional

principles ,” she said.

Chakrabarti said the courts would

entertain an urgent application for

judicial review if Johnson were to ask

the Queen for a prorogation in Septem-

ber, and an injunction could possibly

research projects, one involving

female nurses and the other focused

on male military veterans.

The former were assessed for opti-

mism in 2004, with participants

having an average age of 70, and

followed up until 2014. For men,

optimism was assessed in 1986, with

participants having an average age of

62, and deaths were tracked until 2016.

The team split about 70,000 women

into four equal groups, based on their

scores for optimism. They then com-

pared lifespan for the most optimistic

with the least, taking into account

factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, edu-

cation, depression and other health

conditions already present.

The results show the most opti-

mistic group of women had a lifespan

almost 15% longer than the least.

Similar results were seen in men,

even though optimism was measured

slightly diff erently. When the team

compared the fi fth of men with the

highest optimism scores with the least

optimistic, they found the most pos-

itive had lifespans almost 11% longer.

Research suggested people who are

more optimistic might lead a health-

ier lifestyle, so the analysis also took

into account factors including exer-

cise levels, diet, smoking and alcohol

use. Though reduced, there was still a

pronounced diff erence – with the most

optimistic women having a 9% longer

lifespan than the least optimistic. The

most optimistic fi fth of men had a 10%

longer lifespan than the least.

The fi gures were almost unchanged

for women when social life was con-

sidered , though for men a clear link

to optimism was no longer present.

But being optimistic was not only

linked to a longer lifespan. For men and

women it was also linked specifi cally

to living to 85 or older – “exceptional

longevity” when health behaviours

were taken into account, with the most

optimistic women having 20% better

odds of reaching age 85 than the least.

Most of those studied were white,

and few had low socio-economic sta-

tus – meaning more research is needed

to see if the fi ndings hold in other

groups. Also, income was only con-

sidered among the men, and at only

one point in time for men and women.

Lee said it was not clear why opti-

mism is linked to longevity. “ Healthier

behaviours, fewer depressive symp-

toms and more social ties only partially

accounted for the association from

optimism to exceptional longevity,”

she said, adding other mechanisms

were likely to be at play, such as opti-

mistic people coping better with stress.

Dr Catherine Hurt , a health psychol-

ogist at London’s City University , said:

“ As well as educating and encouraging

people to eat a balanced diet and exer-

cise regularly to maximise longevity,

we should also be promoting psycho-

logical wellbeing .”

Lisa Bortolotti , philo sophy profes-

sor at Birmingham University , said:

“We can also have biased views of our

abilities and our future: we may think

that we are excellent drivers or that we

will never get a divorce when evidence

suggests otherwise. These biases can

be good too .”

be granted to allow parliament to sit

pending resolution of the dispute.

“Miller itself contains the most

recent and authoritative exposition

of the constitutional principle of par-

liamentary sovereignty,” she said.

“Whilst it is alarming that lawyers ...

should have even to consider such

a scenario in our cherished mature

democracy, it is equally heartening

that we may rely on our courts to pro-

tect it.”

With a week before parliament

returns from its summer break,

remainer MPs are considering how

best to stop Johnson pursuing a no-

deal Brexit – by passing a law against

it or holding a vote of no confi dence.

Corbyn is to meet Westminster

opposition leaders including Jo Swin-

son of the Liberal Democrats and Ian

Blackford of the S NP in parliament

today to discuss how they could work

together to stop a no-deal Brexit.

However, rebels are split over

tactics. Corbyn hopes to win a no-con-

fi dence vote and has off ered to lead a

caretaker government with the sole

purpose of extending article 50 and

calling a general election – in which

Labour would argue for a referendum

on a Brexit deal or remaining in the EU.

But Swinson has warned that Cor-

byn would not command a majority in

the Commons and pointed to alterna-

tive candidates, including the veteran

Tory and remainer Ken Clarke.

No 10 is confi dent that Johnson can

achieve Brexit on 31 October. Speak-

ing in Biarritz, where Johnson met the

European council president, Donald

Tusk on Sunday, a senior UK govern-

ment offi cial said Johnson had told EU

leaders that Brexit cannot be stopped.

“The prime minister has been very

clear to European leaders that he’s

seen in the last week that the idea

that Brexit can be stopped is incorrect

and we are leaving on 31 October,” the

senior offi cial said. “He thinks that EU

leaders should not be listening to the

very wrong messages emerging from

some parliamentarians who think that

they will stop Brexit.”

He added: “ Parliamentarians and

politicians don’t get to choose which

public votes they respect.”

Asked about prorogation, the offi -

cial said: “No 10 commissions legal

advice on a whole range of issues but

the PM is clear that he is not going to

stop MPs debating Brexit.”

There has been little sign of pro-

gress on Brexit at the Biarritz summit,

despite Johnson’s insistence he would

meet the “blistering” challenge set by

the German chancellor, Angela Merkel,

of making a new deal within 30 days.

On Sunday, Johnson said it was

“touch and go” whether an agreement

could be reached in time. But he also

said he was “marginally more optimis-

tic” about a deal after the weekend.

“Remember that all statistical esti-

mates that I give about the chances of a

deal ... depend exclusively on the will-

ingness of our friends and partners to

compromise on that crucial point and

to get rid of the backstop and the cur-

rent withdrawal agreement,” he said.

Journal Zoe Williams Page 4 

‘Gravest abuse of power’ if

PM shuts down parliament

Optimistic outlook

linked to longer life,

researchers suggest

 Continued from page 1

 Continued from page 1

‘[The vote is] a political

rather than a legally

binding outcome’

Shami Chakrabarti

Shadow attorney general

RELEASED BY "What's News" vk.com/wsnws TELEGRAM: t.me/whatsnws