You South Africa – 08 August 2019

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Tofindoutmore

abouttheorigins

ofIslamgoto:

tinyurl.com/

How-Islam-began-

for-kids

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HEplaceis(altheMasjidGreatofworld’sworshipMosquealHaramlargestIt’sinofIslamicMeccaArabibultc)o

sitethesurroundKaabaWhenIslam’sMusmostimssacredpray

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YOUNOWKNOW

THEORIGINSOFTHEGREATMOSQUE

WHOCANVISITMECCA?

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COPY: CUM LAUDE MEDIA. SOURCES: CENTRE FOR CONTEMPORARY ISLAM, UNIVERSITY OF CAPETOWN;KIDS.KIDDLE.CO;EDITION.CNN.

COM; KHANACADEMY.ORG; SOCIALSTUDIESFORKIDS.COM; WIKIPEDIA.ORG; BBC.CO.UK; BRITANNICA.CO;THEILLUSTRATEDBOOKOF

SIGNS & SYMBOLS, DK, 1996; THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SIGNS & SYMBOLS, HERMES HOUSE, 2006

GOTO

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Hebelievedtheycouldusemilitarymightto

spreadIslamtootherareas.That’swhyitwas

importanttogetMecca’ssupport.

Beginningintheyear622,heandhisfollow-

erswereinvolvedinseveralbattleswiththe

peopleofMecca.ManyresidentsofMecca

chosetogotoMedinaandbecomeMuslims.By

thetimeMuhammadandhisforcesconquered

Meccain 630 , mostpeoplehadacceptedthe

Islamicfaith.

THEPROPHETDIES

Muhammaddiedon 8 June 632 in

Medina.Bythattime,mostofArabia

wasunifiedunderIslam. Fromthere,Muslims

spreadtheirreligionacrossNorthAfricaand

intoSpain, aswellasnorthandeasttodeepinto

Asia, andeventuallyworldwide.AfterMuham-

maddied,hisfollowerscouldn’tagreeontheir

nextleader. Thiseventuallycausedthereligion

tosplitintodifferentbranches.

FIVE PILLARS

Muslims have five beliefs considered

to be the most important to their reli-

gion. These are called the five pillars on which

their religion rests. Each pillar has a special

name in Arabic.

SShahada (The

Creed) is the first

pillar. It’s the belief

that Allah is theone

true God and Muhammadis

his prophet. Becausethisisthemostimportant

pillar, Muslims mustprofessthisfaithinAllah

and Muhammad outloud.

SSalat is the pillarofprayer.Muslimsmust

pray five times a day. Theycanprayanywhere

but most Muslimsgotoaplaceofworship

called a mosque. Beforepraying,Muslims

are required to washthemselvesduringa

cleansing ritual. Whenpraying,Muslimsal-

ways bow in the directionoftheholycityof

Mecca. Children areencouragedtopracticethe

pillar of prayer fromanearlyage.

SZakat is the pillarofgivingalms(givingto

the poor). Muslimsbelievetheyshouldshare

their riches with thoseintheirreligiouscom-

munity who are lessfortunate.

SSawm or pwasa(fromJavanese)isthepillar

of fasting duringRamadaan, theMuslimholy

month, which is theninthmonthoftheIslamic

calendar. During Ramadaan,Muslimsdon’teat

or drink anything betweensunriseandsunset.

Thereareexceptionsforthesick,theold,

pregnantwomenandyoungchildren.Butall

otherable-bodied,healthyMuslimsmustfast

duringthedaylighthoursofRamadaan.

SThehajjisanotherpillarofIslam.According

tothispillar,a Muslimmusttraveltothecityof

Meccaatleastonceintheirlifetime.Thehajjis

alsocalledapilgrimage.

PILGRIMAGE

Thehajjisa10-daypilgrimagefrom

theeighthtothe12thdayofDhu’l-

Hijja,the12thmonthoftheIslamiccalendar,

andendswiththeEidal-Adha(Celebrationof

Sacrifice).

EveryyearmorethantwomillionMuslims

frommorethan 70 countriesgoonthehajj.

Duringthehajj,pilgrimsgotoprayattheKaaba,

or“HouseofGod”,theholiestplaceinMecca’s

GreatMosque.PilgrimsalsotravelfromMecca

totheplainsofMountArafatwheretheystand

vigil.TheyalsovisitMinaandMuzdalifah, con-

sideredholysites,forprayersandrituals.

Pilgrimsreturnhomeafterthehajjendswith

Eidal-Adha.ManywillalsostopatMedinato

visitMuhammad’sgrave.S

The Sultan Ahmet Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey. Completed in 1616,

it became a Unesco World Heritage Site in 1985. It’s nicknamed “The

Blue Mosque” because of the 20 000 handpainted blue tiles lining

its interior.

PRIMARYSCHOOL Socia^

sciences

There are exceptions for the sick the old

Dates are traditionally

eaten to break the fast,

as the prophet Muham-

maddid.Tasbihbeads

areusedduringprayers.

A volunteer hands

out packages to workers

during the iftar meal in

Dubai. One of Islam’s

practices is zakat or

giving donations to the

poor.

In the holy month of Ramadaan, Muslims fast from sunrise to sun-

set. They break their fast with the evening meal (iftar), which many

people eat together as a family or community, as here in Istanbul.

The two main

branches of Islam

are Sunni Islam (about

90% of all Muslims) and

Shia Islam (about 10%).

Other much smaller groups

include the Wahabis,

Alawites, Salafis and

Ibadis.

you.co.za 8 AUGUST 2019 | (^75)