46 THE CARAVAN
allinthefamily· reportage
1992, it warned that “strands of the
Hindu nationalist movement have ad-
vanced a divisive and violent agenda
that has harmed the social fabric of
India.” It praised the US government
for denying Modi a visa. He now risked
formal censure in the country.
The Hindu American Foundation
denounced the resolution as “grossly
inaccurate.” Sheetal Shah, the HAF’s
senior director—and daughter of the
Modi backer Dhiru Shah—cautioned
against blaming “one ideology,” stating,
“Resolutions such as this one, devoid of
the necessary context when examining
religious violence in India, only serve
to provoke and inflame.” The USINPAC
also spoke out. Pledging to “spare no
effort” to stop it, they complained that
the resolution “intended to influence
India’s upcoming elections by focus-
ing on the 2002 Gujarat riots some 11
years after the fact.” Both groups took
to Capitol Hill to pressure lawmakers.
“Each office who signed the resolution
received a visit from HAF,” a con-
gressional staffer later told the news
magazine Outlook. “They are definitely
trying to undermine anyone in Wash-
ington who is critical of Modi.”
Gabbard soon stepped forward to
help stifle the attempted criticism. “It
is critically important that we focus
on strengthening the ties between the
two nations, and I do not believe that
H. Res. 417 accomplishes this,” she said
on 18 December. The next day, the HAF
issued a statement: “First Hindu Mem-
ber of Congress Opposes Anti-India
Resolution.” It quoted Rishi Bhutada,
who urged other representatives to
“join this latest rebuke” by Gabbard.
Over the next two weeks, Amrit Mittal
and Bharat Barai—both of whom had
hosted Modi—as well as Sanjay Puri all
donated generously to her campaign.
The battle over the resolution began
just as the OFBJP launched its cam-
paign for Modi’s 2014 election. The
major players were all Gabbard donors.
Bharat Barai, Ramesh Shah, Pallod
and the then OFBJP president, Chan-
drakant Patel, all travelled to India to
canvass in person. “Only because of
Narendra Modi, I went to campaign in
India,” Pallod told me. “Those who did
not know him, I shared my personal
experience with them and it made a dif-
ference.” Ramesh Bhutada remained in
Houston to manage the group’s largest
phone-banking centre. “Preparations
were almost like that for an Indian
wedding,” Bhutada reportedly said.
Preferring a martial analogy, India Her-
ald described the operatives deploying
to India as “volunteers turned political
warriors.”
Years of national preparation preced-
ed the operation.in november 2011 , the OFBJP held
two high-level training camps, in New
Jersey and Houston. Vinay Sahasrabud-
dhe—a political advisor to Nitin Gad-
kari, the BJP president at the time—
conducted both. Vijay Jolly termed
this a “first of its kind” exercise. In
Houston, India Herald reported, Shah
praised the BJP’s initiatives, while
Bhutada “reminded of efforts required
to build a strong organisation.”
I sent Bhutada a series of questions
about his role in the American Sangh,
Modi and his contributions to Gab-
bard’s campaign, but he did not re-
spond.
In October 2012, over eight hundred
people gathered in New Jersey at a
reception for LK Advani, who praised
the RSS and promised that the BJP
would provide voting rights to overseas
citizens of India. Jayesh Patel, then the
president of the OFBJP, urged the com-
munity to support the BJP in the 2014
election. Five months later, in March
2013, the OFBJP organised gatherings
in both Chicago and New Jersey for a
special video conference with Modi.
“Whatever you do, wherever you work,
India should be the top priority for all
its citizens,” Modi told the audience. In
June, Dhiru Shah hosted the BJP lead-
er Subramanian Swamy to speak about
the elections at a conference in Atlan-
ta. “He will be the prime minister,”
Swamy said of Modi. He urged the di-
aspora to get involved in the process. In
July, Rajnath Singh visited the United
States, meeting Gabbard and speaking
in New Jersey.
In September, Smriti Irani, then a
BJP vice-president, travelled from In-
dia to inaugurate the OFBJP’s conven-
tion in Florida, where Modi spoke—
for the third time that year—via vid-
eoconference. “Only the BJP can savethe country from the current crisis,”
he told an audience of over a thousand
people. He urged them to participate in
the election, concluding, “As soon as I
finish, they will start.” Six other speak-
ers, including Barai, were all Gabbard
donors.
In December 2013, after the BJP won
three of the five elections to state leg-
islatures, the OFBJP organised victory
parties around the United States. Near-
ly three hundred people gathered in
Houston. “Modi is what India needs,”
Ramesh Bhutada declared. Indo-Amer-
ican News reported that Ramesh Shah
called it “critical to campaign aggres-
sively on the phone from here.” Speak-
ing to the Times of India, Pallod said,
“Today we pledged to work to bring
BJP to power and make Modi the next
Prime Minister of India.”
In the first week of January 2014, the
OFBJP held a global meet at the party’s
headquarters in Delhi. Jolly, Advani,
Gadkari, Rajnath Singh and the future
vice-president of India, N Venkaiah
Naidu addressed 160 delegates from
around the world. “This is the first
time that a programme to connect BJP
with the global Indian diaspora is being
organised on such a scale,” Jolly said.
Meanwhile, around seven hundred vol-
unteers began phone-banking in Hous-
ton. “We had volunteers calling up their
relatives, friends, and friends of friends
in India,” Bhutada said. At another call
centre in Florida, Chandrakant Patel
explained, “Each volunteer is expected
to make at least 200 calls.”
In March, many of Gabbard’s donors
prepared to leave for India. Chandra-
kant Patel led a team of over a thousand
OFBJP volunteers who, one paper re-
ported, “travelled to India at their own
expense to campaign for BJP.” Barai
led a team of over six hundred volun-
teers. From Houston, Pallod joined a
team of thirty. India Herald reported
that Ramesh Bhutada encouraged the
volunteers as they left, saying, “This
is the moment to pay our debt to our
motherland.”
One last action in Washington DC
cast a shadow over Modi’s chances for
success. On 4 April, the Tom Lantos
Human Rights Commission, a bipar-
tisan caucus of the US House of Rep-
resentatives, held a hearing to discuss