Nature - 15.08.2019

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nature research | reporting summary

October 2018

Wild animals No wild animals were involved in this study.

Field-collected samples The study did not involve samples collected from field.

Ethics oversight All animal procedures and studies were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) at Duke

University. All animal experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.

Note that full information on the approval of the study protocol must also be provided in the manuscript.

Human research participants

Policy information about studies involving human research participants

Population characteristics healthy human subjects (both male and female) recruited in the dietary study aged between 49-58 years old

Recruitment Healthy adults of mixed gender were recruited by fliers and word of mouth and, as assessed for initial eligibility by telephone

interview, were free of disease and currently not taking certain medications including anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids,

statins, thyroid drugs, and oral contraceptives. Final eligibility was assessed by standard clinical chemistry and hematology

analyses. Written consent was obtained from eligible subjects. We are unaware of any potential self-selection bias or other

biases present.

Ethics oversight The controlled feeding study in healthy humans was conducted at Penn State University Clinical Research Center (CRC) and

approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Penn State College of Medicine in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of

1975 as revised in 1983 (IRB# 32378). We have complied with all relevant ethical regulations.

Note that full information on the approval of the study protocol must also be provided in the manuscript.