I
n the UK, and indeed the rest of the
world, the current terrorism threat is
constantly changing, meaning that
vulnerable sites need to be constantly
assessing the risk. One method of terrorist
activity is vehicle-borne attacks, ranging
from ram-raiding to suicide missions.
Site owners and operators need to protect
their assets, including property and people,
from such attacks with the appropriate
protective security, including vehicle
security barriers (VSB).
The generic types of VSBs include:
gates (bi-folding, hinged and sliding),
arm barriers (rising and swing), bollards
(rising, static, shallow and removable) and
road blockers (surface mounted, shallow
and deep).
There are a range of standards that relate
to the impact testing of barriers, which help
identify the most suitable VSB for each
individual site. The standards specify test
criteria, including type of vehicle and
speed that the VSB is capable of stopping
and immobilising. Those responsible for
securing a site at risk of a vehicle attack,
such as designers, planners, architects,
security managers or facilities managers
within the public and private sectors, need
an understanding of these standards and
where to get advice on the measures to put
in place.
Such advice can be found by the
manufacturers themselves, some
manufactures can provide CPDs on helping
architects identify what are the most
suitable measures to put in place and how
to compare all the different standards (and
therefore the products) available in the
market. These CPDs can also provide
guidance on installation of VSB and the
standards relating to the installation.
Risks posed by vehicle-borne
improvised explosive devices
A car bomb, or truck bomb (VBIED), is an
improvised explosive device placed in a
vehicle then detonated. It is commonly used
as a weapon of terrorism and normally kills
the occupants of the vehicle (suicide
bombers), people near the blast site, and to
damage buildings or other property. A
vehicle bomb acts as its own delivery
mechanism and can carry a relatively large
amount of explosives without necessarily
attracting suspicion.Impact testing of vehicle
security barriers
The Centre for the Protection of the
National Infrastructure (CPNI) produces
the Catalogue of Impact Tested Vehicle
Security Barriers (CITVSB), containing the
impact tested products it has tested through
its research program – against the key
standards. This is the key catalogue in the
UK and any manager of a key critical
national infrastructure site in the UK
should contact CPNI for a copy or further
information. The PSSA Hub is an additional
key resource.
There are various specifications for the
impact testing of VSBs. From the beginning
of 2014, the UK government’s “elite VSB
testing programme” has impact tested
products under International Workshop
Assessment (IWA) 14. This replaced the
British Standards Institution (BSi) Publicly
Available Specification (PAS) 68, however
products tested under this specification have
been given ‘grandfather rights’ and remainSally Osmond of Frontier Pitts discusses the importance of impact testing for product
solutions for defence against vehicle-borne attacks, and looks at relevant regulations
Protect and survive
There are a range of
standards which help
identify the most suitable
vehicle security barrier
(VSB) for each individual
site, which specify test
criteria, including type of
vehicle and speed that the
VSB is capable of stopping
and immobilisingSAFETY & SECURITY 69ADF AUGUST 2019 WWW.ARCHITECTSDATAFILE.CO.UK
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