The New York Times International - 01.08.2019

(Joyce) #1

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INTERNATIONAL EDITION | THURSDAY,AUGUST1, 2019


BANKS’ BURDEN


ENDLESS FIGHT


WITH HACKERS


PAGE 7|BUSINESS

REMOTE CHARM


AWAY FROM IT ALL


IN THE FALKLANDS


BACK PAGE|TRAVEL

IMAGINATION RUN WILD


PICASSO SHOW STRIKES


ACHORD IN BEIJING


PAGE 14|CULTURE

children, tiny ribs visible after years of
economic ruin. The sudden influx has
caused such a strain on the Wayuu’s im-
poverished counterparts in Colombia
that a searing conflict has erupted over
land, water and the right to belong here.
Children on both sides of the struggle
now go hungry. Some have died of mal-
nutrition.
The clash in Parenstu is just one on a
border now overwhelmed by Wayuu
abandoning Venezuela to go to Indige-
nous lands in Colombia. And it reflects a
much broader crisis upending Latin
America, where the mass exodus of Ven-
ezuelans from all segments of society is
testing the patience of their neighbors.
At least four million Venezuelans
have fled their country in recent years,
forced out by hunger, hyperinflation and
deadly political crackdowns. By next
year, their departure could outpace the
migration from Syria to become the
world’s largest refugee crisis, according
to the Organization of American States.
The arrivals are taxing their new
hosts, who are torn between a desire to
help and the instinct to protect their own
resources. For the most part, the Vene-
zuelans have found open borders, but in
Ecuador and Brazil, large mobs have at-
tacked migrant shelters, evicting them
from towns that residents say are being
overrun. In Colombia, new migrants,
unable to receive medical treatment at

They had lived off the land for hundreds
of years, before Venezuela or Colombia
had even been founded. The Wayuu, an
Indigenous group of shepherds in South
America, had survived war, upheaval,
revolution and even being separated
from one another by the creation of na-
tional borders.
Yet for the Wayuu living in Venezuela,
the breaking point finally came with the
economic devastation under President
Nicolás Maduro and the American sanc-
tions against his government.
As the country plunged into the
world’s worst economic collapse outside
of war in decades, the Wayuu began
leaving on foot to Colombia — in the des-
perate hope that they might find a new
home with their brethren.
But here in a lonely Colombian settle-
ment called Parenstu, things haven’t
gone to plan.
The Wayuu from Venezuela showed
up with their hungry and malnourished

home, have brought measles and ma-
laria, diseases that were largely con-
trolled in their new countries.
“The headlines generate xenopho-
bia,” said Felipe Muñoz, the Colombian
official responsible for handling the cri-
sis at the border. More than 1.4 million
Venezuelans are now in Colombia, he
said, burdening a country that had only

140,000 registered foreigners five years
ago and has not had a wave of migrants
like this in recent memory.
The Wayuu have sought refuge in Co-
lombia’s Guajira Desert, a desolate
place in the continent’s extreme north
where the original inhabitants and new
arrivals are both trying to survive. Elec-
COLOMBIA,PAGE

Venezuelan members of the Wayuu Indigenous group have begun seeking refuge with their impoverished counterparts in Colombia. The strain on resources has led to starvation.

PHOTOGRAPHS BY ADRIANA LOUREIRO FERNANDEZ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Crisis spills out of Venezuela


PARENSTU, COLOMBIA

Colombian hosts strained
by influx of Indigenous
refugees, stoking tensions

BY NICHOLAS CASEY

Celinda Vangrieken, leader of a Colombian settlement called Parenstu. She said that the
Wayuu from Venezuela might be her people, “but this is not their land.”

John Steinbeck is best known for his
weighty, quintessentially American
classics like “The Grapes of Wrath” and
“East of Eden.”
But one of his short stories, now pub-
lished in English for the first time, is not
about social injustice, arduous journeys
or humanity’s capacity for cruelty.
Rather, it is a funny tale about a Parisian
chef whose cooking companion is a cat.
During a mid-20th-century stint in
Paris, a city he loved, Steinbeck wrote a
series of 17 short pieces, mostly nonfic-
tion, for the newspaper Le Figaro. He
composed them in English, and they
were translated into French. One of
those submissions, a fictional piece

called “The Amiable Fleas,” can be
found in the new issue of The Strand
Magazine, a literary quarterly based in
Birmingham, Mich.
The magazine has previously un-
earthed pieces by Ernest Hemingway
and Raymond Chandler. In 2014 it fea-
tured another short story by Steinbeck.
That one had been composed for a patri-
otic radio show during World War II,
and Orson Welles read it in a 1943 broad-
cast.
Andrew F. Gulli, The Strand’s manag-
ing editor, said that in his search for
stories to publish, he hired a researcher
who sifted through manuscripts at the
Harry Ransom Center, a collection of
rare books and manuscripts at the Uni-
versity of Texas at Austin.
“I read this one, and I was like, ‘Oh my
god,’” Mr. Gulli said of “The Amiable
Fleas.” “From the perspective of a short
story editor, this one really interested
me. There was something universal
STEINBECK,PAGE

Lighter side of Steinbeck


shows in newfound story


American author penned
a funny tale about a French
chef and his amazing cat

BY JACEY FORTIN

The New York Times publishes opinion
from a wide range of perspectives in
hopes of promoting constructive debate
about consequential questions.

The British pound has long possessed a
mystique that transcends its marginal
role in the global economy, conjuring
memories of its dominance in the impe-
rial age. But lately the currency has de-
volved into a sign of Britain’s diminish-
ing fortunes in a present dominated by
Brexit.
As the country slides toward depar-
ture from the European Union, the latest
pressure on its currency comes in the
form of the new prime minister, Boris
Johnson. Mr. Johnson has insisted that
he is prepared to accept the expensive
chaos of leaving the European Union
without a deal governing future rela-
tions.
Investors have taken his ascension
last week as a reason to withdraw their
money ahead of a potential disaster.
They have sold the pound. The currency
has lost nearly 3 percent of its value
against both the American dollar — it
was trading at $1.2163 on Wednesday
morning — and the euro since Mr. John-
son took over.
The slide is expected to continue, per-
haps right up until Oct. 31, the day that
Britain is scheduled to leave the Euro-
pean bloc.
“The markets see turbulence for the
economy,” said Kjersti Haugland, chief
economist at DNB Markets, an invest-
ment bank in Oslo. “They see the poten-
tial for the economy to contract
abruptly.”
The decline in the pound is at once a
cause for distress and a reflection of the
market’s recognition that Britain has
been economically weakened by Brexit.
It effectively raises prices for British
imports as varied as fruit and vegeta-
bles shipped in from Spain and chemi-
cals and industrial parts made in Ger-
many. It increases the costs of interna-
tional travel, just as Britons are flocking
to the beaches of the Mediterranean for
the summer holidays.
In theory, the weaker pound should
bolster British exports by making them
relatively cheaper than those produced
by competitors in Europe, North Amer-
ica and Asia.
But given that Britain imports more
than it exports, the net effect is negative.
And whatever advantages exporters
might gain will almost surely be can-
celed by barriers to trade across the
English Channel if Britain really leaves
Europe without a deal.
Most broadly, the decline in the pound
signals that investors see less need for
the British currency in the future, be-
cause Brexit is already reducing the ap-
peal of doing business in Britain.
POUND,PAGE

Brexit stress


on display


in decline


of the pound


LONDON

The latest pressure
to affect the currency
is the new prime minister

BY PETER S. GOODMAN
Let’s get the obvious stuff out of the
way. Yes, Donald Trump is a vile racist.
He regularly uses dehumanizing lan-
guage about nonwhites, including
members of Congress. And while some
argue that this is a cynical strategy
designed to turn out Trump’s base, it is
at most a strategy that builds on
Trump’s pre-existing bigotry. He would
be saying these things regardless (and
was saying such things long before he
ran for president); his team is simply
trying to turn bigoted lemons into
political lemonade.
What I haven’t seen pointed out
much, however, is that Trump’s racism
rests on a vision of America that is
decades out of date.
In his mind it’s
always 1989. And
that’s not an acci-
dent: The ways
America has
changed over the
past three decades,
both good and bad,
are utterly inconsis-
tent with Trump-
style racism.
Why 1989? That
was the year he
demanded bringing back the death
penalty in response to the case of the
Central Park Five, black and Latino
teenagers convicted of raping a white
jogger in Central Park. They were, in
fact, innocent; their convictions were
vacated in 2002. Trump, nevertheless,
has refused to apologize or admit that
he was wrong.
His behavior then and later was
vicious, and it is no excuse to acknowl-
edge that at the time America was
suffering from a crime wave. Still,
there was indeed such a wave, and it
was fairly common to talk about social
collapse in inner-city urban communi-
ties.
But Trump doesn’t seem to be aware
that times have changed. His vision of
“American carnage” is one of a nation
whose principal social problem is
inner-city violence, perpetrated by
nonwhites. That’s a comfortable vision
if you’re a racist who considers non-
whites inferior. But it’s completely
wrong as a picture of America today.
For one thing, violent crime has
fallen drastically since the early 1990s,
especially in big cities. Our cities cer-
tainly aren’t perfectly safe, and some

A president


who thinks


it’s still 1989


OPINION

The ways
America has
changed over
the past three
decades are
utterly incon-
sistent with
Trump-style
racism.

KRUGMAN,PAGE

Paul Krugman


Parched farmlandAn irrigation canal in Nebraska left dry after a tunnel
collapsed. It’s the latest crisis for farmers after a spring of too much water. PAGE 6

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An irrigation canal in Nebraska left dry after a tunnel

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An irrigation canal in Nebraska left dry after a tunnel
collapsed. It’s the latest crisis for farmers after a spring of too much water.

VK.COM/WSNWS


collapsed. It’s the latest crisis for farmers after a spring of too much water.

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