The Boston Globe - 05.08.2019

D6 The Boston Globe MONDAY, AUGUST 5, 2019

Obituaries

ASSOCIATEDPRESS
NAPA, Calif. — Cliff Branch,
one of the career-leadingwide
receivers for the NFL’s Raiders
franchise, who won three Su-
per Bowls in 14 seasons with
the franchise, has died. He was
71.
Mr. Branchwas found dead
Saturday in a hotel roomin
Bullhead City, Ariz., the city’s
policedepartment said. It said
an initial investigation revealed
no foulplay andthat Mr.
Branchdied of natural causes.
‘‘Cliff Branchtouched the
lives of generations of Raiders
fans,’’ the Raiders said in a
statementon theirwebsite.
‘‘His loss leaves an eternal
void for the RaidersFamily, but
his kindness and loving nature
will be fondly remembered for-
ever.’’
One of the game’s top deep
threats from 1972to 1985in
Oaklandand Los Angeles,Mr.
Branchwas an All-Pro three
straight seasons(1974-76) and
madefour Pro Bowls.
Hescored 67 touchdowns
through the air, leadingthe
NFLin touchdown receptions
in 1974 with 13 and in 1976
with 12. Mr. Branch also had a
league-high 1,092 yards receiv-
ing in 1974.
He was a force in the post-
season, with1,289 yards re-
ceiving.
The Raiders wonSuper
Bowlsafter the 1976,1980,and

1983 seasons,the last one in

Los Angeles, where the fran-

chisemovedin 1982after pro-

tracted court fights before re-

turningto the Bay Areain

1995.

In 1983,Mr. Branchtied the

NFLrecord with a 99-yard

touchdowncatch in a regular-

seasongame.He stands third

amongRaiderspass catchersin

yardsreceiving with8,685,

trailingTimBrownandFred

Biletnikoff, both Hall of Fam-

ers. Mr. Branchwas a semifi-

nalist for the Pro FootballHall

of Fame in 2004and 2010.

‘‘All my peers that I played

against and that are in the Hall

of Fame, they tell me that I de-

serve to be in the Hall of

Fame,’’ Mr. Branchtoldthe

Raiders’ website in a recent in-

terview. ‘‘It’s the crowning glo-

ry, just like getting a Super

Bowlring.’’

By Katharine Q.Seelye

NEWYORK TIMES

NEWYORK — Vivian Gus-

sin Paley, a pioneeringteacher

and widely acclaimedauthor

who emphasized the impor-

tanceof storytelling in early

childhood development, died

July 19 in Crozet, Va. She was

90. Her son, David Paley, said
    she had beenin failinghealth
    for somemonths and died in an
    assisted-living facility.
    Mrs. Paley was a keen ob-
    server — andlistener— of
    young children. She wrote 13
    booksabouttheirsocialand in-
    tellectual development, includ-
    ing how they learn from telling
    stories, and received a MacAr-
    thur “genius” grant in recogni-
    tion of her work.
    Her best knownworks in-
    clude “You Can’t Say You Can’t
    Play” (1993), the title referring
    to a rule she laid downin her
    classroomto teach children
    aboutrejection. The book is “ar-
    resting in its title, magicalin its
    appeal,and inspiringin its
    message,” Harvard law profes-
    sor and author Derrick Bell
    wrote in The New York Times
    BookReview. He said it illus-
    trated “howthe teacher’s art
    can attack the evil of exclusion
    at its childhoodroot.”
    In “White Teacher” (1979),
    she described her reluctance to
    talk aboutrace as a white teach-
    er in an integrated school. Six-
    teenyearslater she wrote
    “Kwanzaa and Me,” in which
    she confronted racism headon.
    Her book“The Girl Withthe
    BrownCrayon” (1997),which
    followeda girl’s discoveries dur-
    ing a year of readingworksby
    children’s author Leo Lionni,
    won Harvard University Press’
    annual prize for outstanding
    publication about education
    and society.
    Mrs. Paley’s teaching ap-
    proachinvolvedasking chil-
    drento describean event,
    sometimes with only a few
    words,and then to dramatize it
    withtheirclassmates. This
    taughtthemlanguage skills but
    also compassion,fairness, and
    how to negotiate relationships.
    “Shewas as muchan artist
    as a teacher, creative and play-
    ful to the end of her life,” John
    Hornstein, a child development
    specialist at Tufts University,
    said in an interview. “She is
    knownin the field for her use of
    storytelling, but the method
    she developed is far more than
    that. It is a way in whichyoung
    children join a complex and di-
    versesocial world.”
    Mrs. Paley developedher
    methodsover 37 yearsof teach-
    ing, most of themspentat the
    innovative, academically rigor-
    ous University of Chicago Labo-
    ratory Schools. Whilethere, she
    won her MacArthur award in
    1989 at age 60. She is believed
    to be the only personto win the
    grant while working as a kin-
    dergarten teacher.

In addition to teaching chil-

dren, she mentored a genera-

tionof teachers, heldwork-

shops, and lectured abouther

experiences in the classroom.

Her methodsof storytelling and

acting have beenadopted else-

where, notably in Boston,

where the public school system

has incorporated them into its

curriculum.

But they met withsomere-

sistance from the education es-

tablishment, especially as the

No Child Left Behind Act,

which required standardized

testing, became law in 2002.

“She wasn’t mainstream,

and she wasn’t a curriculum

person,” Hornstein said.“To

her, teaching was not about

meeting a bunchof core re-

quirements that you can quan-

tify; it was about being a hu-

man being.”

In “The Boy WhoWould Be

a Helicopter: The Uses of Story-

telling in the Classroom”

(1990), Mrs. Paley wrote about

a lonerwho becomes less isolat-

ed by acting in other children’s

activities and stories, both true

and fantasized,and inviting

others into his imaginary heli-

copter to be his copilot.

Vivian Roslyn Gussin was

bornJan. 25, 1929,in Chicago

to Harry and Yetta (Meisel)

Gussin.He was a medical doc-

tor and she a homemaker.

Vivianreceived her bachelor

of philosophy degreefrom the

University of Chicago in 1947

and another bachelor’s degree,

in psychology, from Newcomb

College, the women’s college at

Tulane University in New Or-

leans, in 1950.

She marriedIrving Paley in

1948.She leaves him, as well as

theirson, David, threegrand-

children,andthreegreat-

grandchildren.Another son,

Robert, died in 2017.

Mrs. Paley beganher teach-

ing career in New Orleans.

There, she recalled, she felt bur-

dened by an overemphasison

strict learningboundariesand

memorization, and came to be-

lieve that such an approachsti-

fled learning — and teaching.

She describedherself during

this period as an “uninspired

and uninspiring teacher.”

She moved to New York and

earnedher master’s of science

degreein educationfrom

Hofstra University on Long Is-

landin 1965 and taught at the

Great Neck public schools, also

on Long Island,until 1971.

She then movedback to Chi-

cago, whereshe spentthe rest

of her teaching career at the

Lab Schools. There she felt free

to experiment. Whenthe school

day was extended from a half-

day to a full day, she filled it

with storytelling and acting.

Mrs. Paley retiredfromthe

Lab School in 1995 but contin-

ued to lecture and holdwork-

shops around the world until a

few yearsago.

By WilliamBranigin
WASHINGTONPOST
WASHINGTON— Nuon
Chea, the infamous ‘‘Brother
No. 2’’ who presided over some
of the worst atrocities of
Khmer Rouge rule in Cambo-
dia in the late 1970s and ulti-
mately was convicted of crimes
against humanity and geno-
cide, died Aug. 4 in Phnom
Penh. He was 93.
The Associated Press report-
ed the death. No other details
wereimmediately available.
As the secretive chief ideo-
logue and deputy of the radical
communist regimeled by Pol
Pot, he was the officialmainly
responsible for devising and
operating the Khmer Rouge
killing machine — carrying out
a policy of massexecutionsthat
becamea hallmark of Cambo-
dia’s holocaust. It is estimated
that about 2 million people
died, roughly a quarter of the
country’s population,from
summary executions, famine,
disease, and overwork during
the Khmer Rouge’s brief but
brutal reign of terror from
1975 to 1979.
Knownas ‘‘Pol Pot’s shad-
ow,’’ Nuon Chea was convicted
of crimes against humanity by
a specialUN-backed tribunalin
2014 and sentencedto life im-
prisonment. He was 88 at the

time,the oldest and most se-

nior surviving Khmer Rouge

leaderand one of two defen-

dants in the case.Khieu Sam-

phan, the regime’s titular for-

mer president, was convicted

with him.

After a second lengthy trial,

the tribunalin 2018also found

Nuon Chea guilty of genocide

against minority Cham Mus-

lims and ethnic Vietnamese

and handedhim anotherlife

sentence.

Accordingto a former

Khmer Rouge security chief

and prison warden, Nuon Chea

personally oversaw massive

purges of suspected ‘‘traitors’’

within Khmer Rouge ranks.

Thousandsweretorturedinto

makingbogusconfessionsat

the Tuol Sleng prisonin the

capital, Phnom Penh, and were

subsequently executed.At least

14,000 prisoners passed

through the formerhigh

school’s gates. Onlyseven sur-

vived.

It was Nuon Chea, not Pol

Pot, who directly ordered the

killings, the former security

chief, KaingKhek Iev, better

known as Duch,told journalist

Nate Thayer in a seriesof inter-

views in 1999.Duch’s account

was supported by documents

left behind at Tuol Sleng.

In the regime’s final days

before Vietnamese invasion

forces captured Phnom Penh in

January 1979,Nuon Chea also

‘‘ordered me to kill all the re-

mainingprisoners’’at Tuol

Sleng, Duch said. Among them

wereat least two Americans,

who werecapturedwhilesail-

ing a yacht off the Cambodian

coast in late 1978 and tortured

into ‘‘confessing’’ that they

worked for the CIA.

For some purge victims,

Duch recalled, Nuon Chea de-

manded that Duchbring pho-

tos of their dead bodies to his

office to prove they had been

executed, Thayer reported in

the Far Eastern Economic Re-

view.

Unlike other former Khmer

Rouge leaders who were called

to account for the regime’s

crimes, Nuon Chea was largely

unrepentant.

‘‘Believe me, if these traitors

were alive, the Khmers as a

people wouldhave been fin-

ished,’’ he said,referringto

those purged, in a videorecord-

ed by a Cambodianjournalist

beforethe former Khmer

Rouge second-in-command

was arrested in 2007.‘‘So I dare

to suggest our decision was the

correct one. If we had shown

mercy to thesepeople,the na-

tion wouldhave beenlost.’’

He added: ‘‘We didn’t kill

many. We only killed the bad

people,not the good.’’ Video

clipsof his remarks were

played at his trial.

BornLao Kim Lorn on July

7, 1926,in Cambodia’s western

Battambangprovince,Nuon

Chea grew up in a Sino-Khmer

familyof modest means,the

third of nine children. His fa-

therwas a trader and corn

farmer; his mother was a seam-

stress. His early education was

in the Thai, French,and Khmer

languages.

In 1942, he traveled to

Bangkok in neighboringThai-

land to complete highschool

and pursuehigher education.

(Thailand tookcontrol of Bat-

tambangduringWorld War II,

making him a Thai citizen.) Us-

ing the pseudonym Runglert

Laodi, he stayed at a temple

with Buddhist monksand at-

tended a school on the premis-

es. Starting in 1946, he studied

law at Bangkok’s Thammasat

University. He also joineda left-

ist Thai youthgroupand

worked as a clerk in the Thai

FinanceMinistry.

In 1950, Nuon Chea joined

the Communist Party of Thai-

land whilestill at Thammasat.

Later that year, a monthafter

startinga clerical job at the

Foreign Ministry, he aban-

doned his studies, joined the

Vietnamese-ledCommunist

Party of Indochina,and re-

turned to Cambodia to partici-

pate in the struggle against

Frenchcolonialism. He adopt-

ed Nuon Chea as his ‘‘revolu-

tionary name.’’

He madehis way to North

Vietnamin 1953and under-

wenttwo years of training. He

then returned to Phnom Penh,

wherehe met Pol Pot for the

first time. In 1960, he was

elected deputy secretary of an

underground party whose

membersweredubbed the

‘‘Khmers Rouges’’ (Red

Khmers) by Cambodia’s then-

leader, Prince NorodomSiha-

nouk. It later became the Com-

munist Party of Kampuchea.

In a marriage arranged by

the party, Nuon Chea in 1957

wed Ly Kim Seng, who would

become a cook for Pol Pot,

tasked with safeguarding him

frompoisoning. She and their

four childrensurvive.

Nuon Chea formally surren-

dered to the Cambodian gov-

ernment in late 1998. He ex-

pected to be allowedto contin-

ue livingmodestly in remote

Pailin province, but was arrest-

ed in 2007on charges of crimes

against humanity. At his trial,

he blamed Vietnamese agents

for virtually everything that

went wrong during Khmer

Rouge rule.

Vivian Paley, 90, educator

who promoted storytelling

Cliff Branch,

71, offensive

starof NFL’s

Raiders

ASSOCIATEDPRESS 1983FILES

Mr. Branchcaughta passfor a 64-yardgainduringa gameagainst the ClevelandBrowns.

PAUL SAKUMA/ASSOCIATEDPRESS 1981FILES

Mr. Branchhugged his quarterback,Jim Plunkett, as the

Raiderslinedup for a teampicture before a workout.

Nuon Chea, infamous ‘Brother No. 2’ of the Khmer Rouge leadership, at 93

MARK PETERS/EXTRAORDINARYCHAMBERSIN THECOURTS OF CAMBODIA/AP

Nuon Chea at a war crimestrialin PhnomPenh in 2018.

By Sam Roberts
NEWYORK TIMES
RichardM. Rosenbaum,an
ebullient Republican state
chairmanof New York who
helped deliver to Nelson Rocke-
feller the job he avowed he nev-
er wanted,the vice presidency
of the United States, diedon
Sunday in Rochester. He was
88.
The causewas complica-
tions of a fall, said his son, state
SupremeCourt Justice Mat-
thew Rosenbaum.
Mr. Rosenbaumpresided
overthe RepublicanParty in
New York in the 1970s as most
of the so-calledRockefeller lib-
erals — including Rockefeller
himself— wereretiringor los-
ing reelection to Democrats or
conservative challengers in
statewide races.
Nearing the endof his
fourth term as New York’s gov-
ernor, Rockefeller resignedin
December 1973andbe-
queathed the positionto his
lieutenant governor, Malcolm
Wilson.
SpiroAgnew had quit in dis-
grace as vice presidenttwo

months earlier, and Richard M.

Nixon filledthat vacancy with

Gerald Ford, then a Michigan

representative. WhenNixon re-

signed the following year and

Ford succeededhim,Ford

sought a No. 2 and potential

running mate in 1976.

“I worked my tail off, trying

to counter the belief that Rocky

was ‘too liberal’ and that he

could never be satisfied being

merely ‘standby equipment’ for

Gerald Ford,” Mr. Rosenbaum

wrote in his autobiography, “No

Roomfor Democracy: The Tri-

umphof Ego OverCommon

Sense” (2008).

He galvanized longtime New

York allies to endorse Rockefell-

er for vice presidentwhile seek-

ing to keep vacillating Republi-

cans fromsupporting his chief

rival for the job, George H.W.

Bush,who was the party’s na-

tional chairman at the time.

“If they weren’t for us,” Mr.

Rosenbaumrecalled, “I wanted

to make sure they weren’t

against us.”

On Aug. 20, 1974,Ford

nominated Rockefeller as the

interimvice president. “The

hard work and the hours of lob-

byinghad paid off,” Mr. Rosen-

baum wrote.

Rockefeller, who had sought

the presidency in 1960, 1964,

and 1968,had famouslyde-

clared, “I never wanted to be

vice president of anything.”

But when the opportunity

actually presenteditselfin

1974,Mr. Rosenbaumwrote,

the former governorwas

primed for national exposure

after 15 years in Albany.

The assassination of John F.

Kennedy and Nixon’s resigna-

tion had reminded Rockefeller

of the vice presidency’s heart-

beat-away proximity to the

WhiteHouse, Mr. Rosenbaum

recalled. Rockefeller was also

driven, he wrote, by “a kind of

noblesse oblige that led him to

believe that he couldbe of real

service to a country that faced

monthsof uncertainty caused

by Watergate and its after-

math.”

But Ford droppedRockefell-

er as his running mate when he

ran for president in 1976in fa-

vor of Bob Dole, senator of Kan-

sas. He lost the election to Jim-

my Carter.

“Rockefeller and I always

suspected that Donald Rums-

feld, then Ford’s chief of staff,

was the perpetrator of the con-

spiracy to jettison him fromthe

ticket, an act that arguablycost

Ford the election,” Mr. Rosen-

baum later wrote. (It was not

intended as retribution, Mr.

Rosenbaum insisted, that he in-

troducedthe president at a fall

campaignrally as “Gerald R.

Fraud.”)

As the state chairman from

1972 to 1977and later as a Re-

publican national committee-

manfromNew York, Mr.

Rosenbaumwas instrumental

in getting the state’s convention

delegates to backthe nomina-

tions of Ford in 1976and Ron-

ald Reagan in 1980.

RichardMerrill Rosenbaum

was bornon April8, 1931,in

Oswego, N.Y., to Jack and Shir-

ley (Gover) Rosenbaum. His fa-

ther was a salesman for Sears in

Rochester, his mother a home-

maker.

He married Judith Kanthor,

a fellow Cornellian,whosur-

vives him.

Richard M. Rosenbaum,prominent GOP leader in N.Y.