Linux Format - UK (2019-12)

http://www.techradar.com/pro/linux December 2019 LXF257 91

Hacking Minecraft CODING ACADEMY

GUIZERO

did earlier, we’ll start off with a “Hello World!” message:

mcScript = open(”~/.minecraft/mcpipy/script.txt”,

”r+”)

mcScript.write(”Hello World”)

mcScript.close()

Here we’re opening the file in read+write mode,

saving a string to the file and closing it. It’s important to

note that text files will only save if closed. Now that

we’ve got something written in our text file we can

print our scripts in-game:

mcScript = open(”~/.minecraft/mcpipy/script.txt”,

”r+”)

mc.postToChat(mcScript)

mcScript.close()

Note we’re using the postToChat action from our

mc instance, rather than print , and we’re posting the

contents of a variable instead of a string.

Reading directly into your world

You can use the traditional print command to read

text into your game world. The following code will read

the first line of your text file.

mcScript = open(”~/.minecraft/mcpipy/”script.txt”,

”r+”)

print mcScript .readline()

Add a few more lines to script.txt after “Hello

World” – perhaps create some dialogue for an NPC.

Rehearsing multiple lines at a time

You’re probably going want to post several dialogue

lines of text into your game at a time, especially if you’re

creating a bot of some kind. This will post line-by-line:

mcScript = open(”~/.minecraft/mcpipy/script.txt”,

”r+”)

print mcScript .readline()

print mcScript .readline()

print mcScript .readline()

Using a loop

Of course, the previous step will only read the first three

lines. That might be useful if you only want your NPC to

say so many things at once, but you can create a for

loop to read the entire document line-by-line, too:

for line in mcScript.readline():

print line

Writing and autosaving

Depending on what kind of bot you’re creating, you may

want to write text back to the script file:

with open(“script.txt”, ”w”) as mcScript:

mcScript .write(”Strings” + Variables)

Here we can save strings and/or variables directly

into the text file. If you’re using with you don’t need to

remember to add mcScript.close() , as it will save

automatically, which is useful.

Combining chatbots with other projects

Where this gets really interesting is when you use text

scripts for commands instead of dialogue. Much like

our hacking script, we can take our pixel art code from

LXF255, and with it we could call a text file from the

pixelArt variable instead of hard-writing numbers into

the code:

pixelArt = mcScript .readline()

We can now change the pixel art every time by

adjusting a line in the text file, without altering the

Python code. This means we could keep our program

running and load different things into our Minecraft

world by simply changing the text file. Drag-and-drop

at its best!

If you’re looking to take your coding to the next level, get a copy of

LXF252 (see page 66 for back issues) and combine everything we’ve

done today with hacking and chatbots with the graphical user

interface we developed for Minecraft in that issue.

Using GUIZero, we could develop a visual interface for connecting

to another player’s Minecraft world, with buttons for spawning items

on a whim. For example we could supply our friends with diamond

pickaxes and armour at the push of a button, thus essentially turning

our fun project into a fully fledged admin tool for a multiplayer server.

To start you off:

def drawDiamond():

playerPos = mc.player.getPos()

mc.setBlock(playerPos.x, playerPos.y + 1, playerPos.z-1, 57)

mc.postToChat(“Diamond granted to player.“)

giveDiamond = PushButton(app, command=drawDiamond,

text=”Diamond”, width=10, grid=[1,2])

MINE US FOR MORE TUTORIALS! Subscribe now at http://bit.ly/LinuxFormat

As with all programming scripts, the best place to start is

with a basic ‘Hello World’.

And here we are putting

words into Steve’s mouth!

888Decmbr 2 rDm019dr09onsta December 2019 LXF257 91

Hacking Minecraft CODING ACADEMY

GUIZERO

didearlier,we’llstartoffwitha“HelloWorld!”message:
mcScript = open(”~/.minecraft/mcpipy/script.txt”,
”r+”)
mcScript.write(”Hello World”)
mcScript.close()
Here we’re opening the file in read+write mode,
saving a string to the file and closing it. It’s important to
note that text files will only save if closed. Now that
we’ve got something written in our text file we can
print our scripts in-game:
mcScript = open(”~/.minecraft/mcpipy/script.txt”,
”r+”)
mc.postToChat(mcScript)
mcScript.close()
Note we’re using the postToChat action from our
mc instance, rather than print , and we’re posting the
contents of a variable instead of a string.

Reading directly into your world
You can use the traditional print command to read
text into your game world. The following code will read
the first line of your text file.
mcScript = open(”~/.minecraft/mcpipy/”script.txt”,
”r+”)
print mcScript .readline()
Add a few more lines to script.txt after “Hello
World” – perhaps create some dialogue for an NPC.

Rehearsing multiple lines at a time
You’re probably going want to post several dialogue
lines of text into your game at a time, especially if you’re
creating a bot of some kind. This will post line-by-line:
mcScript = open(”~/.minecraft/mcpipy/script.txt”,
”r+”)
print mcScript .readline()
print mcScript .readline()
print mcScript .readline()

Using a loop
Of course, the previous step will only read the first three
lines. That might be useful if you only want your NPC to
say so many things at once, but you can create a for
loop to read the entire document line-by-line, too:
forlineinmcScript.readline():
print line

Writing and autosaving
Depending on what kind of bot you’re creating, you may

want to write text back to the script file:

withopen(“script.txt”,”w”)asmcScript:

mcScript .write(”Strings” + Variables)

Here we can save strings and/or variables directly

into the text file. If you’re using with you don’t need to

remember to add mcScript.close() , as it will save

automatically, which is useful.

Combining chatbots with other projects

Where this gets really interesting is when you use text

scripts for commands instead of dialogue. Much like

our hacking script, we can take our pixel art code from

LXF255, and with it we could call a text file from the

pixelArt variable instead of hard-writing numbers into

the code:

pixelArt = mcScript .readline()

We can now change the pixel art every time by

adjusting a line in the text file, without altering the

Python code. This means we could keep our program

running and load different things into our Minecraft

world by simply changing the text file. Drag-and-drop

at its best!

If you’re looking to take your coding to the next level, get a copy of

LXF252 (see page 66 for back issues) and combine everything we’ve

done today with hacking and chatbots with the graphical user

interface we developed for Minecraft in that issue.

Using GUIZero, we could develop a visual interface for connecting

to another player’s Minecraft world, with buttons for spawning items

on a whim. For example we could supply our friends with diamond

pickaxes and armour at the push of a button, thus essentially turning

our fun project into a fully fledged admin tool for a multiplayer server.

To start you off:

def drawDiamond():

playerPos = mc.player.getPos()

mc.setBlock(playerPos.x, playerPos.y + 1, playerPos.z-1, 57)

mc.postToChat(“Diamond granted to player.“)

giveDiamond = PushButton(app, command=drawDiamond,

text=”Diamond”, width=10, grid=[1,2])

MINE US FOR MORE TUTORIALS! Subscribe now at http://bit.ly/LinuxFormat

As with all programming scripts, the best place to start is

with a basic ‘Hello World’.

And here we are putting

words into Steve’s mouth!