262 A HISTORY OF AMERICA IN 100 MAPS
of War, “Defence of the Western Frontier,”
December 30, 1837, in American State Papers,
vol. 7 (Washington, DC, 1861); Donald
Meinig, Continental America, 1800–1967, vol. 2
of The Shaping of America (New Haven, CT:
Yale University Press, 1993); Steve Inskeep,
Jacksonland: President Andrew Jackson, Cherokee
Chief John Ross, and a Great American Land Grab
(New York: Penguin, 2015).
OPENING THE OREGON TRAIL
p.133 “If 1846 was indeed the ‘year of decision’”:
Bernard DeVoto, The Year of Decision: 1846 (New
York: Little, Brown & Co., 1943), pp. 3–5.
Additional sources: John Fremont, The
Life of Col. John Charles Fremont, and His
Narrative of Explorations and Adventures in
Kansas, Nebraska, Oregon and California
(New York: Miller, Orton & Mulligan,
1856); William Goetzmann, Exploration and
Empire: The Explorer and the Scientist in the
Winning of the American West (New York:
Knopf, 1966); Carl I. Wheat, Mapping the
Transmississippi West, 1540–1861 (San
Francisco: Institute of Historical
Cartography, 1957–63).
A CONTINENTAL NATION
Additional sources: Donald Meinig,
Continental America, 1800–1967, vol. 2 of The
Shaping of America (New Haven, CT: Yale
University Press, 1993); Richard Francaviglia,
The Mapmakers of New Zion: A Cartographic
History of Mormonism (Salt Lake City, UT:
University of Utah Press, 2015).
GOLD IN CALIFORNIA
Additional sources: Col. Richard B. Mason
to Brigadier-General R. Jones, August 17,
1848, in Rodman Paul, The California Gold
Discovery (Georgetown, CA: Talisman Press,
1966); Carl I. Wheat, Mapping the
Transmississippi West, 1540–1861 (San
Francisco: Institute of Historical
Cartography, 1957–63); Andrew Scott
Johnston, Mercury and the Making of
California: Mining, Landscape, and Race,
1840–1890 (Boulder, CO: University Press
of Colorado, 2014).
THE GEOGRAPHY OF IMMIGRATION
Additional sources: Carl Schurz, The
Reminiscences of Carl Schurz, vol. 2 (New York:
J. Murray, 1909); F. W. Bogen, The German in
America; or, Advice and Instruction for German
Emigrants in the United States of America
(Boston: B. H. Greene, 1851); Donald
Meinig, Continental America, 1800–1967,
vol. 2 of The Shaping of America (New Haven,
CT: Yale University Press, 1993).
THE GEOPOLITICS OF SLAVERY
Additional sources: John Jay, America Free,
or America Slave (New York, 1956); Susan
Schulten, “The Cartography of Slavery and
the Authority of Statistics,” Civil War History
56: 1 (2010), 5–32.
SLAVERY, SECESSION, AND WAR
Additional sources: Susan Schulten, Mapping
the Nation: History and Cartography in
Nineteenth-Century America (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 2012); Francis
Bicknell Carpenter, Six Months at the White
House with Abraham Lincoln: The Story of a
Picture (New York: Hurd & Houghton, 1866).
LINCOLN’S MAP
p.144 “showing the slave population”: Francis
Bicknell Carpenter, Six Months at the White
House with Abraham Lincoln: The Story of a
Picture (New York: Hurd & Houghton, 1866),
pp. 215–16.
p.144 “you have appropriated my map”:
Ibid., pp.215–16.
Additional sources: Susan Schulten, “The
Cartography of Slavery and the Authority
of Statistics,” Civil War History 56: 1(2010),
5 – 32.
GENERAL SHERMAN AND THE LOGIC
OF DESTRUCTION
p.47 “which otherwise would have been subjected
to”: from letter of William T. Sherman to
Census Superintendent Joseph Kennedy,
August 15, 1865, reprinted in “Value of the
United States Census,” New-York Daily
Tribune, August 22, 1865,p. 4.
p.147 “I knew exactly where to look for food”:
Ibid., p. 4.
Additional sources: Memoirs of General
William T. Sherman (New York: D. Appleton,
1875); Margo Anderson, The American Census:
A Social History, 2nd ed. (New Haven, CT:
Yale University Press, 2015 [1988]);
Joseph C. G. Kennedy, Agriculture of the
United States in 1860; Compiled from the
Original Returns of the Eighth Census
(Washington: Government Printing Office,
1864); Susan Schulten, “Sherman’s Maps,”
New York Times (November 20, 2014);
Scott Nesbit, “The Irony of Emancipation
in the Civil War South,” unpublished
PhD dissertation, University of Virginia
(2013).
THE DEFEAT OF RECONSTRUCTION
Additional sources: James K. Hogue, Uncivil
War: Five New Orleans Street Battles and the Rise
and Fall of Radical Reconstruction (Baton
Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press,
2006); Justin Nystrom, New Orleans after the
Civil War: Race, Politics, and a New Birth of
Freedom (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins
University Press, 2010).6. 1874–1914: Industrialization and Its Discontents
and Its DiscontentsUNEARTHING COAL
Additional sources: Virginia: A Geographical
and Political Summary (Richmond, VA: R. F.
Walker, 1876); Jedediah Hotchkiss, The
Virginias: A Mining, Industrial, and Scientific
Journal Devoted to the Development of Virginia
and West Virginia (Staunton, VA: Printed by
S.M. Yost & Son, 1880–85).
MAPPING THE MOTHERLODE
Additional sources: Joseph T. Lambie,
From Mine to Market: The History of Coal
Transportation on the Norfolk and Western
Railway (New York: New York University
Press, 1954); Ronald D. Eller, Miners,
Millhands, and Mountaineers: Industrialization
of the Appalachian South, 1880–1930
(Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee
Press, 1982).
RED AND BLUE AMERICA
Additional sources: Scribner’s Statistical Atlas
of the United States, Showing by Graphic
Methods Their Present Condition and Their
Political, Social and Industrial Development
(New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, circa. 1883);
Glen C. Altschuler and Stuart M. Blumin,
Rude Republic: Americans and Their Politics in the
Nineteenth Century (Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press, 2001).STRANGLED BY THE RAILROADS
p.159 “improvidently granted to railroad
corporations”: The Political Reformation of 1884.
A Democratic Campaign Book. By Authority of the
National Democratic Committee (New York:
1884), p. 6.
Additional sources: Sean M. Kammer,
“Land and Law in the Age of Enterprise:
A Legal History of Railroad Land Grants in
the Pacific Northwest, 1864–1916,”
unpublished PhD dissertation, University of
Nebraska at Lincoln (2015); Richard White,
Railroaded: The Transcontinentals and the Making
of Modern America (New York: W.W. Norton &
Company, 2011).
TO THE BRINK OF EXTINCTION
Additional sources: Joel A. Allen, The
American Bisons, Living and Extinct (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1876); William
T. Hornaday, The Extermination of the American
Bison with a Sketch of Its Discovery and Life
History (Washington, DC: Smithsonian
Institution, 1889); Andrew Isenberg, The
Destruction of the Bison: An Environmental
History, 1750–1920 (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2001).
AN ALTERNATIVE VISION FOR THE
AMERICAN WEST
Additional sources: John Wesley Powell,
Report on the Lands of the Arid Region
(Washington, DC: Government Printing
Office, 1879); Eleventh Annual Report of the
Director of the United States Geological Survey,
part 2, Irrigation: 1889–1890, in Report of
the Secretary of the Interior v. IV, part 2
(Washington: Government Printing
Office, 1890); Donald Worster, A River
Running West: The Life of John Wesley Powell
(New York: Oxford University Press,
2001).
MAPPING VICE IN SAN FRANCISCO
p.64 the “unvarnished truth”: Willard B.
Farwell, The Chinese at Home and Abroad
(San Francisco: A. L. Bancroft & Co., 1885),
p. 5.
p.164 “immorality, vice, and disease”: Ibid.,
p. 4.
Additional sources: Nayan Shah, Contagious
Divides: Epidemics and Race in San Francisco’s
Chinatown (Berkeley, CA: University of
California Press, 2001).
THE HUMAN LANDSCAPE OF CHICAGO
Additional sources: Hull-House Maps and
Papers, intro. Rima Lunin Schultz (Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 2005); Mary Jo
Deegan, Jane Addams and the Men of the
Chicago School (New Brunswick, NJ:
Transaction Books, 1988).
RACE AND THE LIMITS OF MOBILITY
p.168 “we must study, we must investigate”:
W. E. B. DuBois, The Philadelphia Negro:
A Social Study (Philadelphia: Published for
the University, 1899), p. 3.
p.168 “a menace to a civilized people”: Ibid.,
p. 390.
Additional sources: Michael B. Katz and
Thomas J. Sugrue (eds.), W. E. B. DuBois,
Race, and the City: “The Philadelphia Negro”
and Its Legacy (Philadelphia: University of
Pennsylvania Press, 1998).
AN AMERICAN EMPIRE?
Additional sources: Woodrow Wilson,
“The Ideals of America,” Atlantic Monthly
90 (December 1902), 721–34; Walter LaFeber, The New Empire: An Interpretation of
American Expansion, 1860–1898 (Ithaca, NY:
Cornell University Press, 1963); Susan
Schulten, The Geographical Imagination in
America, 1880–1950 (Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, 2001).
BALBOA’S DREAM REALIZED
Additional sources: “Report of the Board
of Consulting Engineers and of the Isthmian
Canal Commission on the Panama Canal”
(Washington, DC: Government Printing
Office, 1906); 59th Congress, 1st Session,
Senate Document No. 231; J. Saxon Mills,
The Panama Canal: A History and Description
of the Enterprise (London: Thomas Nelson &
Sons, 1913); David McCullough, The Path
between the Seas: The Creation of the Panama
Canal, 1870–1914 (New York: Simon &
Schuster, 1977).
BEFORE THE NINETEENTH
AMENDMENT
Additional sources: Christine E. Dando,
“‘The Map Proves It’: Map Use by the
American Woman Suffrage Movement,”
Cartographica 45: 4 (2010), 221–40.7. 1914–1940: Prosperity, Depression, and Reform
Depression, and ReformOVER THE TOP
p.179 “two years ahead of his country”:
“‘Over the Top’ by an American Soldier
Who Went,” Morgan County (Colorado),
Republican 18: 12 (March 22, 1918), p. 2
[unpaginated newspaper].
Additional sources: Arthur Guy Empey,
“Over the Top” by an American Soldier Who
Went (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1917);
“Don’ts from the Author of ‘Over the Top’,”
New York Times (October 14, 1917), p. 68.
THE CREATION OF A GERMAN
ENEMY
Additional sources: George Creel, How
We Advertised America (New York: Harper
& Brothers, 1920); Wallace Notestein and
Elmer E. Stoll (eds.), Conquest and Kultur:
Aims of the Germans in Their Own Words
(Washington, DC: Committee on Public
Information, 1917, 1918); “What Every
Soldier Should Know about the World
War,” Trench & Camp: edition for Fort
Beauregard, Alexandria (February 11, 1918);
“Kaiser Aimed at South America,” New York
Times (September 2, 1917).
DEADLIER THAN WAR
Additional sources: Alfred Crosby, America’s
Forgotten Pandemic: The Influenza of 1918
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003
[1989]); Carol R. Byerly, “The U.S. Military and
the Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919,” Public
Health Report 125: supplement 3 (2010), 82–9;
Laura Spinney, Pale Rider: The Spanish Flu of 1918
and How It Changed the World (New York:
PublicAffairs, 2017).
THE MASS PRODUCTION OF FOOD
p.185 “I aimed at the public’s heart”: Upton
Sinclair, “What Life Means to Me,” Cosmopolitan
Magazine, vol. 41 (October 1906), p. 594.
Additional sources: Armour & Company,
“Nation’s Ever-Growing Food Problem Has
Been Met by Packing Industry” (David Rumsey
Map Collection, Stanford University Libraries);
Emma Tolman East, “Dreams That Came
True,” Romance of Big Business Series,