- Circle: C = 2πr, A = πr^2.
- Circular sector:
- Circular arc: l = rθ.
- Cylinder:
- Cone:
- Sphere:
TRIGONOMETRY
BASIC IDENTITIES
- sin^2 θ + cos^2 θ = 1.
- 1 + tan^2 θ = sec^2 θ.
- 1 + cot^2 θ = csc^2 θ.
SUM AND DIFFERENCE FORMULAS- sin (α ± β) = sin α cos β ± cos α sin β.
- cos (α ± β) = cos α cos β sin α sin β.
DOUBLE-ANGLE FORMULAS- sin 2α = 2 sin α cos α.
- cos 2α = cos^2 α − sin^2 α = 2 cos^2 α − 1 = 1 − 2 sin^2 α.
HALF-ANGLE FORMULAS
22.
REDUCTION FORMULAS- sin (−α) = −sin α: cos (−α) = cos α.