Article
and PCR and associated sequencing experiments. A.A. and G.L. produced the transgenic lines
and associated phenotypic characterisation. V.D. and J.V. performed the binding assays and
associated protein expression experiments. N.J.H. analysed the data from the Anopheles
gambiae 1000 Genomes Project and produced the haplotype SNP panel. M.M. provided all
insectary support. V.A.I. and H.R. drafted the manuscript.
Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Supplementary information is available for this paper at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-
1864-1.
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to V.A.I. or H.R.
Peer review information Nature thanks Mara Lawniczak, James G Logan and the other,
anonymous, reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.
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