Nature - USA (2020-01-16)

340 | Nature | Vol 577 | 16 January 2020

Article

3. Eckart, A. & Genzel, R. Stellar proper motions in the central 0.1 pc of the Galaxy. Mon. Not.
   R. Astron. Soc. 284 , 576–598 (1997).


4. Morris, M. & Serabyn, E. The Galactic center environment. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.
   34 , 645–701 (1996).


5. Genzel, R., Eisenhauer, F. & Gillessen, S. The Galactic center massive black hole and
   nuclear star cluster. Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 , 3121–3195 (2010).


6. Gillessen, S. et al. A gas cloud on its way towards the supermassive black hole at the
   Galactic Centre. Nature 481 , 51–54 (2012).


7. Eckart, A. et al. Near-infrared proper motions and spectroscopy of infrared excess
   sources at the Galactic center. Astron. Astrophys. 551 , A18 (2013).


8. Witzel, G. et al. Detection of Galactic center source G2 at 3.8 μm during periapse
   passage. Astrophys. J. 796 , L8 (2014).


9. Witzel, G. et al. The post-periapsis evolution of Galactic center source G1: the second
   case of a resolved tidal interaction with a supermassive black hole. Astrophys. J. 847 , 80
   (2017).


10. Gillessen, S. et al. Detection of a drag force in G2’s orbit: measuring the density of the
    accretion flow onto Sgr A* at 1000 Schwarzschild radii. Astrophys. J. 871 , 126 (2019).


11. Do, T. et al. Relativistic redshift of the star S0-2 orbiting the Galactic center supermassive
    black hole. Science 365 , 6454 (2019).


12. Larkin, J. et al. OSIRIS: a diffraction limited integral field spectrograph for Keck. Proc. SPIE
    6269 , 62691A (2006).


13. Wizinowich, P. L. et al. The W. M. Keck Observatory laser guide star adaptive optics
    system: overview. Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacif. 118 , 297–309 (2006).


14. Lockhart, K. E. et al. Characterizing and improving the data reduction pipeline for the
    Keck OSIRIS integral field spectrograph. Astron. J. 157 , 75 (2019).


15. Campbell, R., Kjær, K. & Amico, P. 3D visualisation of integral field spectrometer data.
    ESO Messenger 148 , 28–31 (2012).


16. Bautista, M. A. & Pradhan, A. K. Ionization structure and spectra of iron in gaseous
    nebulae. Astrophys. J. 492 , 650–676 (1998).


17. Sitarski, B. N. Characterizing Infrared Excess Sources in the Galactic Center with Adaptive
    Optics. PhD thesis, Univ. California, Los Angeles (2016).


18. Peißker, F. et al. New bow-shock source with bipolar morphology in the vicinity of Sgr A*.
    Astron. Astrophys. 624 , A97 (2019).
    19. Phifer, K. et al. Keck observations of the Galactic center source G2: gas cloud or star?
    Astrophys. J. 773 , L13 (2013).
    20. Shahzamanian, B. et al. Polarized near-infrared light of the dusty S-cluster object
    (DSO/G2) at the Galactic center. Astron. Astrophys. 593 , A131 (2016).
    21. Paumard, T. et al. The two young star disks in the central parsec of the Galaxy: properties,
    dynamics, and formation. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 54 , 199–207 (2006).
    22. Do, T. et al. Stellar populations in the central 0.5 pc of the Galaxy. I. A new method for
    constructing luminosity functions and surface-density profiles. Astrophys. J. 764 , 154
    (2013).
    23. Lu, J. R. et al. Stellar populations in the central 0.5 pc of the Galaxy. II. The initial mass
    function. Astrophys. J. 764 , 155 (2013).
    24. Pfuhl, O. et al. The Galactic center cloud G2 and its gas streamer. Astrophys. J. 798 , 111
    (2015).
    25. Prodan, S., Antonini, F. & Perets, H. B. Secular evolution of binaries near massive black
    holes: formation of compact binaries, merger/collision products and G2-like objects.
    Astrophys. J. 799 , 118 (2015).
    26. Murray-Clay, R. A. & Loeb, A. Disruption of a proto-planetary disc by the black hole at the
    Milky Way centre. Nat. Commun. 3 , 1049 (2012).
    27. Scoville, N. & Burkert, A. The Galactic center cloud G2: young low-mass star with a stellar
    wind. Astrophys. J. 768 , 108 (2013).
    28. Stephan, A. P. et al. Merging binaries in the Galactic center: the eccentric Kozai-Lidov
    mechanism with stellar evolution. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 460 , 3494–3504 (2016).
    29. Naoz, S. The eccentric Kozai-Lidov effect and its applications. Annu. Rev. Astron.
    Astrophys. 54 , 441–489 (2016).
    30. Stephan, A. P. et al. The fate of binaries in the Galactic center: the mundane and the
    exotic. Astrophys. J. 878 , 58 (2019).
    31. Raghavan, D. et al. A survey of stellar families: multiplicity of solar-type stars. Astrophys.
    J. Suppl. Ser. 190 , 1–42 (2010).
    Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in
    published maps and institutional affiliations.

© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2020