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Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Key Research and
Development Program of China (2018YFA0108500), the Yunnan Key R&D Program
(2018ZF007-02 and 2018FA008), the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(31760268 and 81660266), Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M623317XB),
Yunnan Provincial Innovation Team (2018HC003 and 2017HC009) and Yunnan Innovation
Talents of Science and Technology (2013HA027). We thank Brandi J. Mattson for editing
assistance.
Author contributions T.L. and W.J. initiated the project. T.L. designed the experiments,
organized and supervised the entire project, and wrote the manuscript. T.L. supervised L.X.
and Y.Y. to perform data analysis. L.X., Y.Y., Y.M., Y.L., Z.A., D.W., K.D., J. H. and Y.B. performed
embryo culture, single-cell isolation and data collection. Y. Z., Y.Y., Z.Z., J.G., S.R. Z.S., X.D. and
Y.N. analysed RNA-seq data.
Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Supplementary information is available for this paper at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-
1875-y.
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to W.J. or T.L.
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