) فٟ حٌلخٌش حلأٌٟٚ ٌظع١َ عّخ ٠ٕزغٟ أْ ٔفعٍٗ ٌٕٔظعي ٌّٛلف If) ريلا ِٓ (in case ٠ّىٓ أْ ٔٔظويَ ( طلٔزخ ٌـ. 4
ِلظًّ فٟ حٌّٔظمزً.- I'll draw a map for you in case you can't find our house.
- I don't want to go out tonight in case my friend phones.
- Shall I keep some chicken salad for your brother in case he‘s hungry when he gets here?
- In case I forget later, here are the keys to the garage.
) فٟ حلأِؼٍش حٌظخ١ٌش.If( ٚ )in case لاكع حٌفخٍق فٟ حٌّعٕٟ ر١ٓ ( طلٔزخ ٌــ -. 5
- Let‘s take our swimsuits in case there‘s a pool at the hotel.
(We don‘t know if there is a pool there.) - Let‘s take our swimsuits if there‘s a pool in the hotel.
(We will wait until we know about the pool before we decide.)
.2 / 1) فٟ حٌلخٌش If) ريلا ِٓ (Suppose / Supposing (that) / Imagine (that)٠ّىٓ أْ ٔٔظويَ (. 6
- Suppose / Supposing / Imagine (that) you found a job in Cairo, what would you do?
- What will you do supposing your manager leaves early?
فعً حٓخٟٓ. wereحًح ٌُ طىٓ )Were + sub + to + inf ...( ٔٔظويَحٌؼخ١ٔش ٚ ) فٟ حٌلخٌشIfكٌف (٠ّىٓ. 7
- Were he to come tomorrow we could borrow his car.
فٟ حٌـٍّش. سِٛؿٛى wereض ) اًح وخٔWere + sub + adj / n ...) فٟ حٌلخٌش حٌؼخ١ٔش ٚ ٔزيأ رخٌفعً (If( فٌلطُ. 8
- If I were a millionaire, I would buy a castle.
- Were I a millionaire, I would buy a castle.
.)Had + sub + P.p ...ش ٚ ٔزيأ رخٌفعً (ؼ) فٟ حٌلخٌش حٌؼخٌIfكٌف (٠ّىٓ. 9 - If you had invited me, I might have come. - Had you invited me, I might have come.
- if he had been careful, He wouldn't have had that terrible accident
- Had he been careful, He wouldn't have had that terrible accident.
.) Should + Sub + inf ( رـٚ ٔزيأ ٚحٌؼخ١ٔش ) فٟ حٌلخٌش حلأٌٟٚIfكٌف (٠ّىٓ. 10
1 - If he has enough time, he will watch the football match. - Should he have enough time, he will watch the football match.
2 - If it snowed tomorrow, we would go skiing. - Should it snow tomorrow, we would go skiing.
- If + .... not.... = Unless + ؿٍّش ِؼزظش اًح ٌـــــُ
- If I hadn't played badly, I would have won. - Unless I had played badly, I would have won.
- If it doesn't rain, we will go to the beach party.
- Unless it rains, we will go to the beach party.
- If + .... ؿٍّش ِؼزظش.... = In case of / with / by + V.ing /n. فٟ كخٌــش
- If you planned things properly, you wouldn‟t get into a mess.
- In case of planning things properly, you wouldn‟t get into a mess.
- If + .... ؿٍّش ِٕف١ش.... = But for + n. ٌـٛلا / Without + V.ing /n. ريْٚ
- If we don't have a car, we will be late for the show.
- But for our car, we will be late for the show.
- Unless you had suggested it, I wouldn't have phoned him.
- Without suggesting it, I wouldn't have phoned him.