Creation

• تستخدم مع المكان أو الزمان فى الحالات الآتٌة : whichلاحظ ان - 7
  اذا كان هناك حرف جر قبل النقط. - 4
  اذا كان هناك فعل بعد النقط مباشرة. - 2
  النقط .اذا كان هناك حرف جر مكان أو زمان فى الجملة التى بعد - 3
  اذا و صفت الجملة الثانٌة المكان او ما ٌحدث له. - 4


• : whichولكن كٌف نختار حرف الجر قبل - 8
  نفترض ان الاسم الموصول فى آخر الجملة الثانٌة و نحدد حرف الجر الذى ٌحتاجه.
  لتشٌر إلً جملة كاملة قبلها: which لاحظ استخدام - 9


• He got very bad marks in the test, which made his parents very sad.


• One of the boys kept laughing, which annoyed the teacher very much.

بدلا من عبارة الوصل إذا كان ضمٌر الوصل فً الجملة ٌحل محل الفاعل وفً حالة وجود ما ٌلً to + inf.ٌمكن استخدام - 10

The first / second / last / only

• Ali was the first student who arrived at school.
  = Ali was the first student to arrive at school.


• He was the last man who left the ship.
  = He was the last man to leave the ship.
  ضمٌرا : ولاولٌس علما نكرة أو معرفة ٌكون ما بعد الأقواس اسما لٌس مسبوقا بؤدوات اعادة عندم whose ختار ن - 11


• The man (whose – who –that- where) son got the final mark is my neighbour.
  لاحظ الجملة التالٌة: - 12


• I borrowed this book from the library. I read it from cover to cover. ( The book ) ( I read )
  The book which I borrowed from the library was read from cover to cover.
  I read the book ,that I borrowed from the library, from cover to cover.
  ظ أن هناك نوعـــــــــــان من جملــــــــة الصفـــــــــــــةـــــــــــلاح
  1 - Defining relative clause للاسم محددةجملة صفة
  who / which / whom هذا النوع ٌعطً معلومة أساسٌة عن الشًء أو الشخص أو المكان الذي نتحدث عنه ونستخدم فً هذا النوع -
  بدلا من ضمابر الوصل. that قبل أو بعد عبارة الوصل. وٌمكن استخدام comma ولا نستخدم


• They’re the people who want to buy our house.


• The woman who stole the ring was soon arrested. (who stole the ring isessential information)


• The man who told me this refused to give his name.


• The noise that he made woke everybody up.
  2 - Non-defining relative clause للاسم غٌـر محددةجملة صفة

قبل وبعد comma فً هذا النوع لا تقدم جملة الصفة معلومة هامة عن الشًء أو الشخص أو المكان الذي نتحدث عنه ولا بد من استخدام -

فً هذا النوع that عبارة الوصل و لا تستخدم

• Sara's mother, who works for the national bank, always comes home late.


• My gardener, who is very pessimistic, says that there will be no apples this year.

Drill 1

1. My uncle lives in Al-Mahala..........is a big industrial city. LM
   a whose b where c what d which


2. Mrs. Eman has got her Ph. D ..........we all congratulated her. LM
   a to which b about which c on which d which


3. Shakespeare was a great playwright ..........plays are famous everywhere. LM
   a who’s b whose c who d which


4. I don’t believe ..........he says; he usually tells lies. LM
   a what b that c which d who


5. The 6th of October, 1973 was the day............... the Egyptian armed forces beat Israel and regained
   Sinai. LM
   a which b in which c at which d on which


6. Mr. Adel, .......... is our new manager, is very friendly. LM
   a that b who c what d whom


7. We should all honour those ..........do their best to serve humanity. LM
   a what b which c who d whom