BBC World Histories - 08.2019 - 09.2019

60 GETTY IMAGES Historic cities An image of Havana from the first half of the 19th century shows its bustling harbour and shipya ...

GETTY IMAGES/ALAMY 61 Æ An ancient manuscript in Timbuktu, which grew wealthy during the Middle Ages largely thanks to its thriv ...

62 SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY Historic cities An artist’s impression of early Abbasid-era Baghdad, a vast round city ranged around th ...

63 The Gur-e Amir Mausoleum in Samarkand, completed in 1404, houses the remains of the conqueror Timur GETTY IMAGES Peter Furtad ...

On the afternoon of 25 September 1940, the Jewish German writer Walter Benjamin headed south from a small French seaside town in ...

GETTY IMAGES German Jewish writer and critic Walter Benjamin 65 Æ ИЗП ОДГ ОТО ВИЛ АГР УП GETTY IMAGES П GETTY IMAGES П GETTY IMA ...

66 ALAMY Travellers crossing into Spain without papers were routinely arrested, imprisoned and returned to France Flight from Sp ...

67 PHOTO GISÈLE FREUND-IMEC-FONDS MCC/GETT Y IMAGES/AL AMY Æ Local hero Lisa Fittko, pictured in 1989. She led Walter Benjamin, ...

68 GETTY IMAGES point during the night. Tragically, he had conceded defeat too soon: the following day, local police reversed th ...

69 guides they had contracted to help them. Most guides or passeurs were French or Spanish shepherds, charcoal-burners, smuggler ...

70 Flight across the Pyrenees Safe Haven European Jews are given towels and soap at Fort Ontario, a refurbished US Army base in ...

71 village named Rogalle (whom Jeanne later married). At daybreak, the two parties reached the frontier, pausing briefly for a m ...

(^72) PORTRAITS BY FRAN MONKS The Conver- sation “African people weren’t seen as fully human. They didn’t even have hair, but wo ...

73 Æ ИЗП ОДГ ОТО ВИЛ АГР УПП А "What's News" VK.COM/WSNWS ...

74 CULTURE The Conversation Matt Elton: Your new book covers a fascinating range of subjects. How would you describe it? Emma Da ...

75 Æ they hadn’t seen anything like it before. So there are quite a lot of descriptions of hair. The accounts of Alvise Cadamost ...

76 CULTURE The Conversation A 1966 advert for ‘permanent creme relaxer’. Chemicals in such relaxers could burn the scalp – yet m ...

77 Æ “Afro-textured hair had no stigma before the dehuman- isation of black people that emerged from slavery” GETTY IMAGES/ALAMY ...

78 CULTURE The Conversation FRAN MONKS “The Afro was popularised by Black Power but, as it became increasingly commodified, its ...

79 SHUTTERSTOCK same styles that will cause black children to be excluded from schools or black employees to be told their hair ...