302 Index
health spas ( kurorty ) (continued)
to, 161–163; journey to, 180; medical na-
ture of, 30, 51, 150–152, 162; outpatients
in, 19, 190, 194; postwar conditions in,
130, 134, 136, 156; pre-revolutionary,
16; prestige of, 199, 209; quotas for, 34;
recreational activities in, 185 ; rules and
regime in, 40–41, 181; social composi-
tion of vacationers in, 31, 34, 36, 139,
148–149. See also Kurort (Health Resort)
Administration
historical attractions, 259, 275
Horizon tourist base (Alushta, Crimea), 269
hotels. See accommodations
House of Tourists (Moscow), 70, 75, 107, 140
Hungary, 245; consumerism in, 251–252;
cuisine of, 248; health offi cials of, 179;
and inhospitality toward Soviet tourists,
245, 250
hunting cabins, 239, 254Iakutiia (Siberia): tourists from, 150
Il'f, Il'ia (writer), 61
independent tourism, 122; methods of, 94,
95–97, 216–218; offi cial indifference to,
102; postwar, 141; prestige of, 72; scale
of in 1930s, 102
independent tourists: in 1930s, 66, 90;
after 1945, 142; conditions for, 220;
hostility to, 100
India, 240
individualism, 8, 41, 276–277
Indonesia, 240
industrial tourism, 104, 105, 227, 245
intelligentsia: and access to vacations,
148, 166, 198, 281; as middle class, 9;
postwar rise of, 131; and tourism, 252,
254, 261
International Labor Organization, 280
Inturist: in 1930s, 82, 115; and group tours,
260; origin of, 60; and Soviet tourist
travel abroad, 241, 243; and tourists
from Eastern Europe, 250
invalids: priority for putevki, 131, 147
Iraq, 240
Irkutsk rest home (Siberia), 22
Issyk-Kul, Lake (Kazakhstan), 109, 229
Italy, 113, 114, 250
itineraries ( marshruty ): in 1930, 64; in
Caucasus, 106, 222–223; on cruises,
233–235; development of, 224; on
military highways, 60, 61; for package
tours, 66, 104; radial, 111, 120, 144, 145;
railroad, 230–233. See also individual
destinationsJapan, 240
July Rain (Iiul'skii dozhd') (fi lm), 219Kama River: cruises on, 25, 110
Kamchatka: tourists from, 150
Karelia, 64, 143, 216, 223, 259, 278
Karenin, Alexei, 14
Karl Marx resort (Crimea), 18
Karlovy Vary (Karlsbad) (Czechoslovakia),
17, 271
kayak tourism, 81
Kazakhstan, 108, 109, 229; health spas in,
28, 42
Kazakova, Rimma (poet), 1
Kelly, Catriona, 274
Kharitonovskii, Aleksandr (journalist), 125
Khosta (Sochi region), 143
Khot'kovo rest home (Moscow oblast), 151
Khrushchev, Nikita, 132, 197–198, 240
Kiev, 230
Kirgizia, 230
Kislovodsk (Caucasian Mineral Waters):
cultural activities in, 47; in nineteenth
century, 17; as postwar destination, 135;
social composition of vacationers in, 33,
36; as spa town, 26, 27, 30
Kniazev, Aleksandr (bicycle tourist), 112
Kola Peninsula, 108
Kolmogorov, A. N. (mathematician),
95 n14, 125
Komsomol: and tourism, 54, 55, 63, 67, 241
Komsomol'skaia pravda survey research
department, 191, 205, 210, 267
Kon, Igor, 203
Korea, 240
Koshar, Rudy, 7
Kosygin, Aleksei, 172
Kozlov, I. I. (trade union health resort of-
fi cial), 184, 193, 196, 207
Krasnaia Poliana (Sochi region), 27, 116, 143
Krasnodar tourism authority, 273, 274
Kremlin Armory (Moscow), 227
Krylenko, Nikolai (commissar of justice;
tourism offi cial), 72
Kurort (Health Resort) Administration: Far
East, 192; Georgian, 160; Latvian, 192;
Leningrad, 176; on misuse of putevki,
148; planning by, 179, 188; resources of,
164; responsibilities of, 132, 134, 193,
212
kurort housing bureau, 194–195Labor Code of 1922, 12
labor therapy, 42
Lagrange Law (France), 280