The Last Century of the Republic phica Anatolica(),withprovisionsfortolls(portoria),datingfromthe
s..onwards,havefoundaplaceinit(exceptthelatter,inafootnoteon
p. ).
Similar,butworse,problemsaffectthehistoryoftheJewsintheHellenis-
ticperiod,whichisnottreatedatallinCAH^2 VII..Thefundamentaltopic
oftheimpactofHellenismonJudaismbeforetheMaccabees,thesubjectof
majormodernworks,suchasVictorTscherikover,Hellenistic Civilisation and
the Jews(),MartinHengel,Judentum und Hellenismus(;trans.asJuda-
ism and Hellenism,),andthelateEliasBickerman’sposthumousThe Jews
in the Greek Age(),isthustacklednowhereinCAH^2 .TessaRajak’sex-
cellentchapterinthisvolume(ff.)on‘‘TheJewsunderHasmoneanrule,’’
intended fora period beginning in .., can only pick up the Macca-
beanrevolution,oneofthefewunquestionable‘‘turningpoints’’inhuman
history,afteritisalreadyunderway.
Romeand‘‘TheRomans’’
The question of what the intended subject of aCAHvolume on republi-
can Rome should be is emphasized still more by the existence of another
Cambridge History,theCambridge History of Classical LiteratureII:Latin Litera-
ture().Rathertypicallyofanolderattitude,‘‘literature’’isconceivedof
thereassomethingwhichhappenswithinthetextsof individualworksby
well-knownauthors.Thereisnothingwhatsoeverinitwhichrenderssuper-
fluousthesplendidchapterinCAH^2 IX,ff.,byMiriamGriffinon‘‘The
IntellectualDevelopmentsoftheCiceronianAge.’’
Unfortunately, the two projects between them still leave unfilled two
enormousgaps,whichcomeclosetorenderingtheLatin-speakingculture,
society,andpoliticsoftheperiodemptyandunintelligible.Firstly,nobody
can dispute that the dominant form of public ‘‘literary’’ expression in the
period was oratory.Without some systematic discussion of the shape and
content of speeches, as well as of their public contexts and audiences—
theSenate,publicmeetings,popularandpermanentcourts(contiones,iudicia
populi,andquaestiones),nottospeakoftherepetitionofcomparablecontexts
intownsoutsideRome—wecanhardlyconceiveofwhatbeinga‘‘Roman’’
meantinthelateRepublic.Someaspectsofthisarecoveredinthemassive
volume by J.-M. David,Le patronat judiciaire au dernier siècle de la République
romaine().
Moreproblematicstillistheabsencefromeithervolumeofanyattempt
eventoposetheproblemofthe‘‘Latinization’’ofItalianculture.‘‘Roman-
ization’’isimportantenoughonthepolitical(andmilitary)plane,ofwhich