Psychology2016

72 CHAPTER 2

Concept Map LO. 2.8, 2.9

Interactive

Reset

often relied on dissection

techniques after death

unable to directly

observe function

computed

tomography

(CT)

magnetic

resonance

imaging

(MRI)

older

methods

study animals or humans with brain damage; damage may be by

accident, injury, or in animals, deliberate; brain areas can be studied

according to the location of lesions (injured or destroyed areas)

brain areas can also be studiedthrough electrical

stimulation (invasive or noninvasive)

has good temporal but relatively

poor spatial resolution; records

the electrical activity of the brain

through the use of scalp

electrodes; both spontaneous

activity and event-related

potentials (ERP) can be studied

activity can be classified according

to frequency and morphology;

traditional bands include delta,

theta, alpha, and beta

lesioning studies

mapping function

mapping structure

Looking Inside the Living Brain

(methods for studying the structures and/or activity of the living brain)

the

electroencephalogram

(EEG)

positron emission

tomography (PET)

functional MRI

(fMRI)

based on X-ray

technology;

good for

imaging brain

structure, especially

when there is

metal in the body

used for imaging function; involves injection of a radioactive tracer

that binds to glucose, records activity of cells that use radioactive glucose

image brain function through tracking changes in blood oxygen levels;

increase in oxygen levels associated with increased functioning

superior spatial

resolution

for structure

brain stimulation studies

Practice Quiz How much do you remember?

Pick the best answer.

1. Which of the following techniques involves passing a mild
   current through the brain to activate certain structures without
   damaging them?
   a. electroconvulsive tomography (ECT)
   b. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
   c. deep brain lesioning
   d. electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB)


2. Which of the following techniques analyzes blood oxygen levels to
   look at the functioning of the brain?
   a. EEG
   b. CT
   c. fMRI
   d. PET
   3. Dr. Roll is conducting a research study. She wants to measure the
   physical connectivity in the research participants’ brains by imaging
   their white matter. Which of the following methods will she use?
   a. diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
   b. MRI spectroscopy
   c. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
   d. computed tomography (CT)
   4. If you were suffering from neurological problems and your neurol-
   ogist wanted to have a study done of your brain and its electrical
   functioning, which of the following techniques would be most
   appropriate?
   a. PTI c. PET
   b. EEG d. DTI