Psychological Therapies 627
how to approach and pet the dog and not grab its tail. Eventually,
Kayla was asked to come over and mimic the behavior she had
observed. After just a few sessions, Kayla was no longer fearful of
dogs. What technique did the therapist use with Kayla?
a. virtual exposure
b. aversion therapy
c. flooding
d. participant modeling
- Maria sat down with her daughter, Zoe, and together wrote out a list
of things that Zoe was expected to do each day and the rewards she
would get if she accomplished them, as well as the penalties she
would face if she did not do them. This is most like which technique?
a. token economy
b. time-out
c. extinction
d. contingency contracting
- For both children and adults, and for many undesirable behaviors, the
use of ___ or some form of “time-out” can be quite effective.
a. arbitrary inference
b. extinction
c. positive reinforcement
d. negative reinforcement
- Stephan gets a text message from his girlfriend saying that she
will have to work overtime tonight. Stephan immediately assumes
his girlfriend is seeing someone else at work. Beck would say that
Stephan has engaged in what type of distorted thinking?
a. arbitrary inference
b. selective thinking
c. overgeneralization
d. personalization
- Devin’s wife comes home angry from her job, and he immediately
assumes that he has done something wrong. Such irrational think-
ing is an example of
a. overgeneralization.
b. personalization.
c. arbitrary inference.
d. selective thinking.
- Latanya tends to blow negative events out of proportion to their
importance (magnification) while ignoring relevant positive events (mini-
mization). What therapeutic technique may work best to help Latanya?
a. group therapy
b. virtual therapy
c. bilateral anterior cingulotomy
d. rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
- Which therapy style requires the therapist to actively confront a cli-
ent’s irrational beliefs?
a. person-centered
b. frontal lobotomy
c. rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
d. cognitive restructuring
- Family therapy is a form of group therapy in which
a. nonprofessionals lead a selected group of family members with
similar concerns.
b. the entire family participates, as no one person is seen as the
problem.
c. family members meet to single out the individual that is causing
problems in the family dynamic.
d. psychology professionals treat their own family members.
- If Dr. Phelps uses an eclectic approach to her work as a therapist,
what specifically is she doing?
a. Dr. Phelps tends to rely on the unconscious as the source for all
therapeutic treatments.
b. Dr. Phelps tends to rely on a behavioral approach in the
treatment of her clients.
c. Dr. Phelps uses only the newest and most innovative
approaches to treating her clients.
d. Dr. Phelps uses one or a combination of any number of
therapeutic treatments depending on the situation.
- With regard to treatment of psychological disorders, many
psychological professionals believe medications work best
in combination with
a. electroconvulsive therapy.
b. psychotherapy.
c. psychosurgery.
d. deep brain stimulation.
- Typical antipsychotic drugs work by blocking what
neurotransmitter?
a. norepinephrine
b. serotonin
c. dopamine
d. epinephrine
- Bradley has been on an antipsychotic drug for many years to
control his schizophrenia. He has developed repetitive, involuntary
jerks and movements of the face, lips, legs, and body. These side
effects make up a syndrome known as
a. the “Thorazine shuffle.”
b. neurolepsis.
c. tardive dyskinesia.
d. psychotic syndrome.
- As part of the medical treatment trial she is participating in for severe
and suicidal depression, Kierra was given ____,
which is being investigated due to its seemingly immediate, although
short-term, effects.
a. ketamine
b. lithium
c. valproic acid
d. paroxetine
- In bilateral anterior cingulotomy,
a. the front of the brain is cut away from the back.
b. a thin wire electrode is used to destroy a small area of brain tissue.
c. an electric shock is used to stimulate certain areas of the brain.
d. a drug is injected into the brain to destroy a large area of brain
tissue.
