Notes 195
maintaining the balance of power remained the main goal of the concert regime
of the 19th century. Richard B. Elrod, “The Concert of Europe: A Fresh Look at an
International System,” World Politics, Vol. 28, No. 2 (January 1976), pp. 159–174;
Schroeder, “The 19th-Century International System”; Stephen Van Evera, “Why
Cooperation Failed in 1914,” World Politics, Vol. 38, No. 1 (October 1985),
pp. 80–117; Wright, A Study of War.
- Mearsheimer, “The False Promise of International Institutions,” p. 36.
- Jervis, “From Balance to Concert,” p. 58.
- Charles A. Kupchan and Clifford A. Kupchan, “A New Concert for Eur-
ope,” in Graham T. Allison and Gregory F. Treverton, eds., Rethinking America’s
Security: Beyond Cold War to New World Order (New York: W. W. Norton, 1992),
pp. 249–266; Charles A. Kupchan and Clifford A. Kupchan, “Concerts, Collective
Security, and the Future of Europe,” International Security, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Summer
1991), pp. 114–161. - Elrod, “The Concert of Europe,” pp. 160–166.
- Wohlforth, “The Stability of a Unipolar World,” p. 26.
- In the Soviet Invasion of Hungary (156#) (11/4/1956–11/14/1956) the
death toll was Hungary 926 and the Soviet Union 1,500; in the Turco-Cypriot War
(184#) (7/20/1974–7/29/1974) the death toll was Turkey 1,000 and Cyprus 500. - John L. Gaddis, “The Long Peace: Elements of Stability in the Postwar
International System,” International Security, Vol. 10, No. 4 (Spring 1986),
pp. 99–142; Kaysen, “Is War Obsolete?”; John E. Mueller, Retreat from Doomsday: The
Obsolescence of Major War (New York: Basic Books, 1989); Robert Jervis, “The Politi-
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(Fall 1988), pp. 80–90; Mearsheimer, “Back to the Future.” - For discussion and criticism of the democratic peace theory, see Michael
E. Brown, Sean M. Lynn-Jones, and Steven E. Miller, eds., Debating the Demo-
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Legacies, and Foreign Affairs, Part 2,” Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 12, No. 4
(Autumn 1983), pp. 323–353; Michael W. Doyle, “Kant, Liberal Legacies, and
Foreign Affairs,” Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 12, No. 3 (Summer 1983),
pp. 205–235; Michael W. Doyle, “Liberalism and World Politics,” The American
Political Science Review, Vol. 80, No. 4 (December 1986), pp. 1151–1169; Francis Fuku-
yama, “The End of History?” The National Interest, Vol. 16 (Summer 1989), pp. 3–18;
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Organization, Vol. 49, No. 3 (Summer 1995), pp. 511–522; Joanne S. Gowa, Ballots
and Bullets: The Elusive Democratic Peace (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press,
1999); Edward D. Mansfield and Jack Snyder, “Democratization and War,” Foreign
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“Normative and Structural Causes of Democratic Peace, 1946–1986,” The Amer-
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Politics and International Security (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997); James
L. Ray, Democracy and International Conflict: An Evaluation of the Democratic Peace
Proposition (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1995); Bruce M. Russett,
Grasping the Democratic Peace: Principles for a Post-Cold War World (Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press, 1993); Samuel P. Huntington, “No Exit: The Errors of
Endism,” The National Interest, Vol. 17 (Fall 1989), pp. 3–11; Miriam F. Elman, ed.,