Russian Hajj. Empire and the Pilgrimage to Mecca - Eileen Kane

66 C h a p t e r Tw o Kotsebu’s resistance to the 1872 measure, and concern for maintaining sta- bility in his region, were sure ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 67 house for Russia’s hajj pilgrims in Constantinople. This would be modeled on the city’s ...

68 C h a p t e r Tw o subjects of the tsar. This perception, he argued, was only heightened by the par- allel flow of Russian Or ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 69 traveled after Constantinople. Here Russia could supervise its pilgrims, gather more in ...

70 C h a p t e r Tw o As a Muslim, Ibragimov was able to serve Russia not only in Jeddah, where European merchants and diplomats ...

71 Kinel (^) Syr (^) Dary a Old Central Asian hajj routes, 16th–19th cc. New Central Asian hajj routes, 1880s–1910s Hajj routes ...

72 C h a p t e r Tw o governor-general early on, and later to encourage intellectual debate and reading knowledge of Russian as ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 73 pilgrims through legal channels. An 1895 article, for example, described how Muslims co ...

74 C h a p t e r Tw o mass movement of hajj pilgrims between Turkestan and Arabia—a collabora- tion with the goal of colonizing ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 75 the city’s workers and porters refusing to bury the dead. “Everywhere,” Osl- chanictzki ...

76 C h a p t e r Tw o efforts to extend hajj patronage to Bukharans, who were not technically Rus- sian subjects. They were subj ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 77 Ottoman legal affairs and undermine Ottoman control over the empire’s popu- lations. So ...

78 C h a p t e r Tw o Muslim agents who staffed the consulate for help in doing this. These Muslim agents were often Russian sub ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 79 overland trek from Jeddah to Mecca, a distance of some fifty miles along a well-worn de ...

80 C h a p t e r Tw o also, according to Ishaev, hard to avoid: for reasons of safety and lack of knowl- edge of Arabic and loca ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 81 Tatar merchants in Russia by name, and even knew the Tatar community in Turkestan bette ...

82 C h a p t e r Tw o In 1897 and 1898 it sent two doctors, D. Zabolotnyi and D. M. Sokolov, to report on sanitary conditions al ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 83 including the vibrant informal networks that many Muslims from Russia contin- ued to re ...

84 C h a p t e r Tw o pilgrims endured were becoming an embarrassment for the government, and seemed to call into question Russi ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 85 concerns played a crucial role in setting state policies, which, as this example illust ...