176 L. MICHELLE CUTRER(14) (In order) to please her, John bought Mary a piano.Non-rationale control constructions cannot be preposed.
(15) *To play, John bought Mary a piano.
Second, rationale clauses cannot have gaps in a non-subject position. In
other words, there cannot be a gap after the verb. This is shown in the fol
lowing examples.
(16) a. She gave it to me in order for my brother to review it.
b. *She gave it to me in order for my brother to review.
Bach's syntactic tests for purpose clauses are: first, that purpose clauses
always exhibit a gap. (The examples are taken from Bach).
(17) *She gave it to me for my brother to review it.
There may be a gap in the subject position; however, the important point is
that there is always a post-verbal gap.
(18) a. She brought it over for my brother to review, (obj. gap)
b. / brought it to read to the children, (subj. and object gap)
Bach claims that with purpose constructions, if the embedded transi
tive verb is passive, as in (19) a subject gap is obligatory.
(19) Fred brought in his car to be repaired.
However, the matrix clause controller remains the same as in the active ver
sion, shown in (20).
(20) Fred brought in his car for Bill to repair.
In the above examples, his car is the controller of the subject gap in the pas
sive version, but controller of the object gap in the active version.
Bach also claims that purpose clauses exhibit a "future orientation"
with respect to the main clause. This is not always the case with rationale
clauses.
(21) a. / bought it to give to my sister, (purpose)
b. / bought it in order to use up my money, (rationale)
The event encoded in the linked core in (21a) has a future orientation with
respect to the event in the matrix core. This is not so in (21b).