256 WILLIAM H. JACOBSEN, JR.
11. Nominalization
Our final possibility of core subordination seems well attested in the
nominalization by the Article -2ir of clause cores. These have no indepen
dent illocutionary force, but they have separate subjects from the clause
with which they are combined, and indeed the meaning of the nominalized
form is usually the implied subject of the predication. These forms serve as
arguments in the larger clause, such as subjects or objects of prepositions:
hinv2as2ak narcuk2i (30:12)
go outside-FiN-3 look for-ART
"the one who was looking for him went outside".
war2aXatwe2in 2uh2at naytwa*yas2i (28:5)
say-FiN-PAss-QuoT-3 SUBJ-PASS sit outside watching-ART
"[quotation] said to him those sitting outside watching".
When the subject of the nominalized core is actually expressed, we end up
with a kind of modification of it by the predicate, as with "new-born baby"
here acting as an object:
2uyu2u4ak 4wcsme2i Âarhma42i nayaqak (15:8)
notice-MOM-FiN-3 woman-ART be new-born-ART baby
"the woman noticed the new-born baby".
Quite comparable is "the two girls" in an above example from 40:2 (section
8).
There are 97 occurrences of this article in our sample, but in the major
ity of them it is added to nouns, where it indicates an identifiable member
of the class, similarly to the English definite article. As was pointed out in
Jacobsen 1979a: 122, this arises from the potential predicative force of
nouns. Thus 4wcsme2i "the woman" in the preceding example is formed
from 4wcsma "woman" as a nominalized predicate "the one who is a
woman", with the identifying value that would be conferred by an English
relative clause.
There also occurs once a quotative nominalizing ending -(i)ca in hisna-
qica "he who was said to be fond of blood" (18:2).^18
