ON DEVIANT CASE-MARKING IN LATIN^353a negative operator. Transfer and removal verbs, subsuming these statives,
also differ only in respect to this negative operator. We might then say that
Latin chose to code the marked linking, but neutralized the distinction rep
resented by the negative operator (i.e., the direction of the theme's trajec
tory).
The notion of "marked linking" has proven important to the under
standing of deviant genitive and ablative case-marking. It has been claimed
that ablative and genitive objects reflect the marked linkage of locative to
the macrorole undergoer. There remain, however, three predicate classes
whose behavior is troublesome to this claim. In this first exceptional class,
the marked linkage is not signalled by the expected case-pattern, and in the
two other classes, the case pattern said to signal the marked linkage of (26)
does not in fact reflect this linkage. The first class comprises the so-called
ditransitive verbs; in this class the marked linkage of (26) is manifested not
by an ablative theme argument but by an accusative one. The other two
classes are those in which respective genitive and ablative direct core argu
ments do not reflect a theme outranked by a locative in violation of the A/
U hierarchy. The third class contains verbs requiring the genitive "subject"
represented in (19) and (23). That the genitive should be present here, in
the absence of the marked linking, should not be too problematic, as the
two cases were said to signal the marked linkage only when there existed a
PrP. The predicates in (19) and (23) lack a PrP. Genitive subjects will merit
some discussion below, but let us now examine the two other apparent
exceptions to the marked-linkage coding principle.
Ditransitive verbs, the first class of exceptions, are those three-place
predicates which sanction two accusative non-subject arguments. The dit
ransitive verbs doceo , "I teach", and rogo, "I ask", are exemplified in (28a-
b):
(28) a. Pueros philosophiam magister docet.
boys(A) philosophy (A) teacher(N) teaches.
"The teacher teaches the boys philosophy."
b. C. Flaminium sententiam rogaverunt.
C. Flaminius(A) opinion(A) (they)asked
"They asked C. Flaminius his opinion."
The verb doceo , e.g., can be given the following lexical representation:
doceo: [teach' (x)] CAUSE [BECOME know' (y,z)]