120 Chapter 4 Morphology
(80) -om-
teba ‘fall’ tomeba ‘fallen’
tekka ‘feeling’ tomekka ‘hope, desire’
tolos ‘honest’ tomolos ‘very honest’
senget ‘evil’ somenget ‘very evil’
Finally, the infix -um- is identified by Stevens (1968), Moehnilabib et al.
(1979) and Oka et al. (1988), again does not appear to have a consistent, identi-
fiable function but is used with verb roots.
(81) -um-
jenneng ‘rule’ jumenneng ‘reign’
gantong ‘hang’ gumantong ‘hang from’
daddiyan ‘become’ dumaddiyan ‘truly become’
sengnget ‘sullen’ sumengnget ‘quite sullen’
2. Co-occurrence of affixes
There are some restrictions on the cooccurrence of affixes, the number that may
cooccur, and their ordering in a derived form. Of course, some combinations are
ruled out on semantic grounds, the meanings of the affixes being incompatible,
e.g. adversative ka-...-an and actor voice. Some others just do not seem to occur.
However, as shown above, actor voice morphology can be applied to the causa-
tive morpheme pa-, as in (82), and the resultative/abilitive ka-, as in (83).
(82) Jaragan-na ma-lako Ali.
boss-DEF AV.CS-work Ali
‘His boss made Ali work.’
(83) Sengko' nga-tela' roma-na.
I AV.KA-visible house-DEF
‘I saw the house.’
In (82), the actor voice morpheme ng- precedes the causative, and in (83) it
precedes the ka- prefix.
The involitive can occur before the actor voice (largely though not exclu-
sively with intransitive roots) (84) and the causative (85).
(84) Siti ta-ng-abas tang hadiya.
Siti IN-AV-see my gift
‘Siti accidentally saw my gift.’