A Grammar of Madurese

Orthography 59

(78) The Newly Adopted Orthography

sound symbol  symbol

p p  '

p bh h h

b b m m

t t n n

 dh  ny

d d  ng

ṭ ṭ s s

ṭ ḍh r r

ḍ ḍ l l

c c j y

c jh^ w^ w^

 j f f

k k v v

k gh z z

g g (^)
sound symbol
 i
ɛ è^
a a
ɤ â^
ə e
u u
ɔ o
As in the other orthographies the effects of major phonological rules are
often reflected in the spelling, particularly vowel raising, gemination, and aspi-
ration. For the most part glottal stops and glides are not represented at mor-
pheme boundaries nor are some geminates. Examples of the distinction between
the 1973 and 2008 orthographies are exhibited in (79).