278 6 Prepositions
d. α n-as-ldaerhasn a-\s a-s-lkal
Foe lPlS-Caus-want.Reslt Dem-Unstr Sg-Instr-travel.VblN
a-\sar-as n-at-cijj
Foc-\Instr-3Sg lPlS-LoImpf-do.LoImpfP
'what [focus] we desire is that we travel [focus] to it (=make it
a place to visit)'.6.4.2 Comitative d (ad), daeten, or hakadd 'with, and'
The Comitative preposition is used to indicate accompaniment, typically
involving persons or at least animate beings. Examples are 'go with X' (verb
-vjlu-), 'meet with X' (verb -muqqvs-), 'finish X' (verb -vbdu-, X may be a
VblN), 'ask (sb) about X' (verb -s-vstvn-). It is also used as the regular
conjunctive coordinator 'and' with nouns, though 'with' or 'along with' is a
more revealing gloss. On conjunction see §14.1.1.
The verb -idaw- (PerfP -seddew-) 'accompany, go with', has a comitative
sense built in, and takes preposition dser 'in' rather than d.
The verb -vru-, PerfP -aru- 'be long ago, have done long ago', is used with
a comitative complement to indicate that the subject has not seen, or been
away from, the referent of the complement: arü-r-\dar-ak Ί haven't seen
you-MaSg for a long time.'
Before nouns, the preposition is heard as ad (preconsonantal) or d
(prevocalic). This suggests a base form /d/ and, where necessary, Schwa
Epenthesis. Examples: ad hasraet 'with a thing', d ύΙΗ 'with goats'.
An extended form daeten is also in common use before nouns, especially in
conjunctive sense 'and' or 'as well as'. There is often, but need not be. a
prosodic break between the two conjuncts when daeten introduces the second
conjunct. Another form, hakadd (T-ka) or hak ad (R K-d), cf. hdk 'every,
each', is also used in conjunctions, and can be glossed 'as well as', hakadd can
be used when there is a prosodic break, or even a syntactic separation, between
the conjuncts.