A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

312 7 Verbal morphology

counterfactual and proverbial conditionals (§13.9.2-3). It is used with the verb
-νηηυ- 'say' in the fixed expression t-anna-d 'you-Sg (would) say',
translatable more idiomatically as 'it is/was as though ...', with a following NP
or clause.
A Neg preverb with the Future, or in an add-on clause, is compatible with
a Shlmpf verb. Thus ad 1-druram 'it (liquid) will run' is negated as u-mar
1-druram 'it won't run'.
Examples of the Shlmpf stem are in (314), with PerfP forms for
comparison.

(314) Short Imperfective Positive

gloss Shlmpf PerfP

a. 'see'

'know'

'sleep' (Vds)

'dig'

'refuse'

'coagulate'

'reply'

'be folded'

-anhay-

-assan-

-attas- [aet...]

-3Y9S-

-ünjay-

-aqqurhas-

-s-üdmar- [...maer]

-annutfas-I

-anhaey-

-assaen-

-attaes- [aet...]

-araes-

-ünjaey-

-aqqurhaes-

-ass-udmaer-

-annutfaes-I

b. 'cut up'

'be ashamed'

'marry'

-ablajbalaj-

-akrukad- [...kaed]

-aduban-

-aeblaejbaslaej-

-aekrakaed-I

-aedobaen-

c. 'be arrested'

'hit each other'

'shake'

-aett-aermaes-

-anm-awat-

-aekkaeykasy-

-att-armaes-

-aenm-aewaet-

-akkaykaey-

d. 'share'

'go with'

'belch'

-üzan-(or-azun-)

-Idaw-

-üjray-

-azun-I

-aeddew-

-ajruy-

e. 'run'

'go far'

-asal-

-ajaj-

-osasl-

-ujaj-

f. 'be able'

'groan'

'fly'

'die'

-adabae-t, -aduba-t

-ahnaffa-t

-affurra-t [af:or:at]

-semmast- (§7.3.2.1)

-aeddobae-t

-aehnaeffae-t

-affurrae-t

-ammu-t

g· 'laugh' (Vdz)

'do'

-aets-1 1 V (/-aetsi-/) II '

-aej- (/-aeji-/)

-atsa- [aet...]

-aja-