A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

(Jeff_L) #1
7.2 Stern categories 315

Consider now the paradigms for 'drink' and 'read' (316). This verb is of
the same type as 'eat' (315). The basic form of the Shlmpf is /-asswi-/.


(316) Shlmpf Paradigm of 'drink' and 'read'


subject category 'drink' 'read'

a. Resyllabified
3MaSg 0-asaw [asu^1 ] 0-avar
3FeSg t-asaw t-arar
1P1 n-3S3W Π-3Τ3Γ

b. Not resyllabified
3MaPl aswa-n arra-n
3FePl aswa-naet arra-naet
2Sg t-aswa-d t-arra-d
2FePl t-aswa-maet t-arra-mast
2MaPl t-aswa-m t-avra-m
lSg assw-aer zerr-aer

Unlike 'eat', which has a stable word-final ks cluster, the /sw/ and /rr/
clusters created by the word-final deletion of hi in (316) is unstable and must
be resyllabified by Final-CC Schwa Insertion (44) (§3.2.4). In T-ka, but not
other dialects, this inserted a acquires a marked accent by Epenthetic-Vowel
Accentuation (70) (§3.3.2). The non-resyllabified shape -aeCC- does occur in
prevocalic contexts even for verbs like 'drink' and 'read'; compare Sg Imprt
asaw 'drink!' with MaPl Imprt sesw-ast. For some other dialects (R T-md Ts),
resyllabification occurs under the same conditions, but for 'read' and most
similar cases the Epenthetic-Vowel Accentuation rule does not apply, hence
3MaSg 0-arar with default accent, as seen in ad i-rar 'he will read' (contrast
T-ka ad i-rar). However, even in these dialects, we do get final-syllable
accentuation for 'drink': ad i-saw 'he will drink'. In fact, the Shlmpf of this
verb often behaves phonologically as -asu rather than -asaw (hence asu-\tt
'drink it!' in several dialects, with postvocalic 3MaSg clitic allomorph -\tt,
instead of 2esw-\e, with postconsonantal allomorph -\e).
In the ShlmpfP variant /-aeqqamA-/ 'sit' (314.g) and in Shlmpf
/-aeffiseykA-/ 'be searched' (314.k) the Shlmpf ends in /A/ for T-ka, an
underspecified low V that is subject to deletion word-finally but that "counts"
for purposes of Default Accentuation. So we get Future 3MaSg ad 0-seqqam
'he will sit' and ad 0-aeffaeyk 'it will be searched', and 3MaPl counterparts ad
0-aeqqamae-n and ad aeffsykas-n. The ae in the penult of 3FePl
aeffaeykae-maet is another manifestation of this /A/. Underlying final /A/ is rare
in Shlmpf forms, since it applies only to unaugmented stems that
simultaneously are V-final, are C-initial, are bisyllabic, and lack a medial full
high V. The few stems that satisfy these conditions, like 'sit' and 'be

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